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In this study, we report on the three-dimensional (3D) characterization of a spray in terms of its droplet Sautermean diameter (SMD) using the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF)/Mie ratio technique. The spray structure isanalyzed for a multi-hole direct-injection spark ignition (DISI) injector. A calibration curve to convert theLIF/Mie ratio to droplet diameter is deduced using LIF/Mie imaging and a
Background: The aim of this study was to identify predictors of outcome after septoplasty in 888 patients from the Swedish National Septoplasty Register. Methodology: This is an observational register study analysing data from patients undergoing septoplasty in Sweden between 2015 and 2016. The patients reported severity of nasal obstruction (mild, moderate, severe) pre- and again 12 months postop
Accurate knowledge about the amount and dynamics of terrestrial gross primary productivity is an important component for understanding of ecosystem functioning and processes. Recently a new diagnostic model, Southampton Carbon Flux (SCARF), was developed to predict terrestrial gross primary productivity at regional to global scale based on a chlorophyll index derived from MERIS data. The model aim
In this presentation, I will summarize our findings on the effects of reindeer-induced vegetation transitions on carbon cycling processes and storage. These are monitored in subarctic Northern Norway alongside reindeer pasture rotation fences. At these sites, a yearly pulse of intensive reindeer grazing has turned the vegetation from shrub-dominated towards graminoid-dominated. We monitor the deve
Anthropogenic land-cover change (ALCC) is one of the few climate forcings for which the net direction of the climate response over the last two centuries is still not known. The uncertainty is due to the often counteracting temperature responses to the many biogeophysical effects and to the biogeochemical versus biogeophysical effects. Palaeoecological studies show that the major transformation of
The present article is concerned with mechanisms which are responsible for the exaggerated brain damage observed in hyperglycemic animals subjected to transient global or forebrain ischemia. Since hyperglycemia enchances the production of lactate plus H+ during ischemia, it seems likely that aggravation of damage is due to exaggerated intra- and extracellular acidosis. This contention is supported
The long term effects of two dose regimens of latanoprost (PhXA41) administered to eyes concomitantly treated with timolol which had not adequately been controlled by timolol alone were compared. A total of 50 patients, 17 with primary open angle glaucoma and 33 with capsular glaucoma, were recruited from five clinics. All had glaucomatous visual field defects and an intraocular pressure (IOP) of
It is well known that teenagers with chronic diseases have problems complying with their treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the patient's knowledge of haemophilia and his compliance to prophylactic treatment, and the age at which the patient took over the responsibility for his disease and to create educational material for teenagers and adolescents. This was a prospective multicentr
Background: Psychosocial resources as well as lifestyle habits during pregnancy have been shown to effect the risk of having a small-for-gestational-age (SGA) child. Most previous studies are based on a single assessment of these exposures, which does not take into account the possibility of different effects during early add late stages of pregnancy. Methods: The impact of psychosocial and lifest
There exists no systematic evaluation on the findings in multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT) with portal phase enhancement in patients with mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT). Patients with MVT between 2004 and 2006 were identified at Malmö University Hospital, Sweden. Thirty patients had MVT. Median age was 58 years (interquartile range, 46-72), and 57% (17) were men. MDCT with portal p
The benefits of archaeology are seldom discussed in relation to the evident fascination of many people with the subjects of archaeology and the past. This current popularity of a certain way of perceiving archaeology and the past can be seen as a part of larger trends associated with the Experience or Dream Society as described by scholars such as Gerhard Schulze and Rolf Jensen. In this paper, I
Objectives: This study illuminated the meanings of existential loneliness (EL) as narrated by frail older people. Method: Data were collected through individual narrative interviews with 23 people 76–101 years old receiving long-term care and services. A phenomenological hermeneutical analysis was performed, including a naïve reading and two structural analyses as a basis for a comprehensive under
The aim of the user related assessment of the VCC demonstrator’s “Traffic Jam Assist” system was to study trust, usefulness, perceived advantages, disadvantages, acceptance, and willingness to pay for the driver assistance system. The system provides automated speed control and lane keeping. If a lead vehicle is present, the automated vehicle adapts its speed in order to maintain a pre-set time di
A well-functioning ventilation system is significant in achieving a healthy indoor environment. The air supply rate is one of the important factors in reducing the pollutant levels indoors. A study of the indoor environment has been made in new built apartments with modern energy-efficient mechanical supply and exhaust ventilation systems. Several parameters have been measured including the air su
Improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) are significant in preventing diarrhea morbidity and mortality caused by protozoa in low- and middle-income countries. Due to the intimate and complex relationships between the different WASH components, it is often necessary to improve not just one but all of these components to have sustainable results. The objective of this paper was to review the c
Background: A significant subset of prostate cancer (PC) patients with a castration-resistant form of the disease (CRPC) show primary resistance to androgen receptor (AR)-targeting drugs developed against CRPC. As one explanation could be the expression of constitutively active androgen receptor splice variants (AR-Vs), our current objectives were to study AR-Vs and other AR aberrations to better
Background: Despite improvements in therapy regimens over the past decades, overall survival rates for pancreatic and periampullary cancer are poor. Specific cancer registries are set up in various nations to regional differences and to enable larger prospective trials. The aim of this study was to describe the Swedish register, including possibilities to improve diagnostic work-ups, treatment, an
One of the most important trends in contemporary tourism is the increase in urban tourism, both in absolute and in relative terms. In some destinations, e.g. Barcelona, the pressure from tourism on local resources such as housing and urban space has reached a point where we begin to speak about overtourism. The development of overtourism is related to decreasing relative costs of travel, e.g. low-
Climate change shocks and stresses are expected to increasingly affect urban areas in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). However, there remain gaps in understanding local precipitation extremes and influential factors that can enhance urban resilience. This study synthesized determinants of urban resilience, investigated historic and projected precipitation extremes up to the year 2050. Also assessed were f
