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This thesis investigates whether Large Language Models (LLMs) can meaningfully reason over natural language event context to produces calibrated adjustments to time series forecasts, and under what conditions that reasoning produces reliable signal. We design an agentic forecasting system in which the LLM acts as a strategic orchestrator rather than a direct numerical predictor: all numerical comp
Selection leading to adaptation to interactions may generate rapid evolutionary feedbacks and drive diversification of species interactions. The challenge is to understand how the many traits of interacting species combine to shape local adaptation in ways directly or indirectly resulting in diversification. We used the well-studied interactions between Lithophragma plants (Saxifragaceae) and Grey
BackgroundResearch on the effect of pesticide exposure on health has been largely focused on occupational settings. Few reviews have synthesized the associations between dietary pesticide exposure and health outcomes in non-occupationally exposed adults.ObjectiveWe aim to summarize the evidence regarding dietary pesticide exposure and non-communicable diseases (NCD) in adults, using a systematic r
This thesis unfolds a journey into the realm of cloud integrated systems. More specifically, it explores the transformational role of diverse cloud infrastructure, be it public or private, centralized or edge-based, when integrated into traditional systems. In this transformation, the cloud assumes the vital role of controllers. Inevitably, this shift towards cloud integration also brings into pla
BackgroundRecovery colleges were developed in England to support the recovery of individuals who have mental health symptoms or mental illness. They have been founded in many countries but there has been little international research on recovery colleges and no studies investigating their staffing, fidelity, or costs. We aimed to characterise recovery colleges internationally, to understand organi
IntroductionNine in ten of the world’s 1.74 million adolescents living with human immunodeficiency virus (ALHIV) live in Sub-Saharan Africa. Suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and poor viral suppression are important problems among adolescents. To guide intervention efforts in this regard, this review presented pooled estimates on the prevalence of adherence and how it is affecte
Through-wall imaging (TWI) is important from the point of view of rescue operations and surveillance. Several researchers have been working in this field but have still not obtained any concrete results. TWI using narrow band radar faces the problem of low resolution whereas ultra-wideband (UWB) radar provides better resolution, classification and low loss for the imaging signals. TWI faces many c
We have published previously a prototype of a decision model for anaemic patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), in which transfusion need and serum erythropoietin (S-Epo) were used to define three groups with different probabilities of erythroid response to treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) + Epo. S-Epo less than or equal to 500 U/l and a transfusion need of < 2
Exacerbations are the key drivers in the costs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The objective was to examine the costs of COPD exacerbations in relation to differing degrees of severity of exacerbations and of COPD. We identified 202 subjects with COPD, defined according to the BTS and ERS criteria. Exacerbations were divided into mild (self-managed), mild/moderate (telephone conta
Popular Abstract in Swedish Diabetes relaterade fotsår är en vanlig och allvarlig komplikation till diabetes. Orsaken till fotsår är mångfasetterad och inkluderar bland annat diabetesrelaterade nervskador och försämrad funktion i stora och små blodkärl. Vid förekomst av högt blodsocker fungerar immunförsvaret sämre och problematiska infektioner är vanligare vid diabetes. Sårläkning försämras vid lChronic diabetic foot ulcers are a source of major concern for both patients and health care systems. Oxygen deficiency plays a major role in the pathogenesis of these ulcers. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been proposed as a medical treatment for diabetic foot ulcers, but the clinical utility has not been established. Hyperbaric Oxygen in Diabetic patients with chronic Foot Ulcer (HODFU) st
The expansion of wind power in Sweden has brought increasing conflicts between the wind power industry and the interests of the military forces. This paper analyses the reasons for these perceived conflicts and suggests solutions for mitigating at least some of the problems. The analysis is based on literature studies, several semistructured interviews and workshops with stakeholders in Sweden, De
Background: Epidemiological studies that assess the health effects of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution are used to inform public policy. These studies rely on exposure models that use data collected from pollution monitoring sites to predict exposures at subject locations. Land-use regression (LUR) and universal kriging (UK) have been suggested as potential prediction methods. We evalua
This study investigates the sensitivity of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) model performance to the selection of one-dimensional secondary settling tanks (1-D SST) models with first-order and second-order mathematical structures. We performed a global sensitivity analysis (GSA) on the benchmark simulation model No. 2 with the input uncertainty associated to the biokinetic parameters in the activ
Abstract in UndeterminedAccurate estimation of forest net primary productivity (NPP), biomass, and their sensitivity to changes in temperature and precipitation is important for understanding the fluxes and pools of terrestrial carbon resulting from anthropogenically driven climate change. The objectives of this study were to (1) estimate potential forest NPP and biomass for New England using a re
Twenty-five comparative cycle assessments (LCAs) addressing food waste treatment were reviewed, including the treatment alternatives landfill, thermal treatment, compost (small and large scale) and anaerobic digestion. The global warming potential related to these treatment alternatives varies largely amongst the studies. Large differences in relation to setting of system boundaries, methodologica
Introduction. Rituximab has significantly improved the prognosis for patients with both indolent and aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. An economic evaluation was carried out to assess the cost-effectiveness in Sweden of rituximab as maintenance therapy for patients with follicular lymphoma in remission after second line therapy. Materials and methods. The incremental cost and effectiveness of rit
The author of this thesis wishes to contribute to transitions towards more sustainable energy systems in Argentina. In order to do so, two objectives are established. The first one refers to increasing the understanding of the transitions taken place at the local level within energy supply systems in Sweden. The second objective is to increase the understanding of the conditions that need to be in
I takt med att världens befolkning ökar och allt fler väljer att bosätta sig inne i staden ökar behovet av att hitta smarta och hållbara sätt att förtäta. En stad har sina begränsningar och därför har det genomgående i projektet varit viktigt att undersöka hur vi kan töja på stadens gränser och tillföra nya värden utan att tumma på befintliga kvaliteter. Att förtäta en stad är en möjlighet att höjAs the world population increases and more people choose to settle in the city the need to find smart and sustainable solutions to densify increases. A city has limitations and therefore it has been important to look at how we can stretch the city´s borders and adding new values without compromising the existing qualities. To densify a city is an opportunity to improve existing urban spaces and in
