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To estimate the effect of the introduction of the 7- and 10-valentpneumococcal vaccines in 2006 and 2011, respectively in the Netherlands, we assessed respiratory antibiotic use in one to nine year-old children between 2002 and 2013. Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving-average models were applied to estimate the percentage reduction in respiratory antibiotic use. When compared with the pre-v
We present a series of papers dedicated to modelling the accretion and differentiation of rocky planets that form by pebble accretion within the lifetime of the protoplanetary disc. In this first paper, we focus on how the accreted ice determines the distribution of iron between the mantle (oxidized FeO and FeO1.5) and the core (metallic Fe and FeS). We find that an initial primitive composition o
BACKGROUND/AIM: Diagnostic efficacy, defined as the percentage of rectal suction biopsy (RSB) specimens sufficient enough to determine the absence of ganglia cells in Hirschsprung's disease (HD) diagnosis, has been reported to be low, requiring repeated biopsies. The aim was to explore whether RSB diagnostic efficacy was influenced by the child's weight and to ascertain whether RSB efficacy differ
A search for the Higgs boson decaying into a pair of charm quarks is presented. The analysis uses proton–proton collisions to target the production of a Higgs boson in association with a leptonically decaying W or Z boson. The dataset delivered by the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of [InlineEquation not available: see fulltext.] and recorded by the ATLAS detector corresponds to an integrated lumi
Background: The optimal treatment for metastatic high-grade gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine neoplasms when Ki-67 ≤55% is unknown. A prospective multi-centre phase 2 study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of everolimus and temozolomide as first-line treatment for these patients. Methods: Patients received everolimus 10 mg daily continuously and temozolomide 150 mg/m2 fo
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The etiology of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is poorly understood. Reduced lung function, expressed as low forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) and low forced vital capacity (FVC), is a predictor of cardiovascular disease, but whether reduced lung function is a risk factor for SAH is not known. The association between lung function and incidence of SAH was invest
Objective: To examine the association between body mass index (BMI) and osteoarthritis (OA) leading to total hip (THR) or knee (TKR) joint replacement. Methods: Case-control study design. All patients still living in Iceland who had had a THR or TKR resulting from OA before the end of 2002 were invited to participate. First-degree relatives of participating patients served as controls. A total of
BACKGROUND:: There is a large interindividual variability in thiopurine metabolism. High concentrations of methylthioinosine-5'-monophosphate (meTIMP) and low concentrations of 6-thioguanine nucleotides (6-TGNs) have been associated with a lower response rate and an increased risk of adverse events. In this study, the role of inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) for differences in metabo
Background: Decades of progress in care and treatment for congenital heart disease (CHD) has gradually shifted the research focus from initial survival to long-term prognosis and the ageing of adults with CHD. Knowledge about the ageing adult with CHD will guide interventions to safeguard the quality of life across the life course. The present study compares the prevalence of frailty and cognitive
Objectives: Evaluate if socioecological and biological factors, at the age of 8 years, are associated with lower level of physical activity (PA) 2 years later. Method: In a study cohort of 199 children aged 7.8±0.6 years, we used questionnaires and physical measurements to evaluate biological (eg, sex), social (eg, parental PA) and environmental (eg, school settings) factors. Objective PA was meas
BACKGROUND: The incidence of skin diseases in children is influenced by hereditary, social, and environmental factors. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of pediatric dermatoses at a University Hospital in Northern Greece.PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed epidemiologic data of 940 patients, aged 0-18 years, who were referred to the outpatient clinic of a University Hospital
Because of the important role of membrane proteins in adhesion, invasion, and intracellular survival of pathogens in the host, membrane proteins are of potential interest in the search for drug targets or biomarkers. We have established a mass spectrometry-based method that allows characterization of the outer membrane protein (OMP) profile of clinical isolates from of the human gastric pathogen H
Xylose forms the direct carbohydrate-protein link in extra- or pericellular proteoglycans (PGs) that are substituted with either chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate (DS) and/or heparan sulfate (HS). Cell surface PGs carrying HS are important regulators of cell growth. Xylose coupled to an aromatic compound can enter cells and initiate either CS/DS synthesis or both HS and CS/DS synthesis, de
In very recent years, growing efforts have been devoted to the development of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). One of the advantages of all-PSCs over the fullerene-based PSCs is the versatile design of both donor and acceptor polymers which allows the optimization of energy levels to maximize the open-circuit voltage (Voc). However, there is no successful example of all-PSCs with both high Voc
Traditionally, design analysts are solely responsible for all computerbased design analysis (CBDA). CBDA refers to quantitative design analyses utilising computational tools in the engineering design and development of technical solutions. There are currently limited insights into and knowledge of tools and methods needed to facilitate the use of CBDA by engineering designers. In order to gather i
In addition to its well-known hematopoietic effects, erythropoietin (EPO) also has neuroprotective properties. However, hematopoietic side effects are unwanted for neuroprotection, underlining the need for EPO-like compounds with selective neuroprotective actions. One such compound, devoid of hematopoietic bioactivity, is the chemically modified, EPO-derivative carbamylerythropoietin (CEPO). For c
PURPOSE: To validate ironload T2* by automatic inline Maximum Likelihood Estimate (MLE) with k-space Rician noise correction, against the manual and automated truncation, as well as offset methods, in phantoms and in heart and liver in patients.METHODS: Twenty-five patients and an iron-oxide phantom were scanned at 1.5T using 2 multi-echo gradient-echo sequences. All parameters were identical (vox
Chondrules in primitive meteorites likely formed by recrystallisation of dust aggregates that were flash-heated to nearly complete melting. Chondrules may represent the building blocks of rocky planetesimals and protoplanets in the inner regions of protoplanetary discs, but the source of ubiquitous thermal processing of their dust aggregate precursors remains elusive. Here we demonstrate that esca
Objectives. To describe glucocorticoid (GC) use in the SLICC inception cohort and to explore factors associated with GC use. In particular we aimed to assess temporal trends in GC use and to what extent physician-related factors may influence use. Methods. Patients were recruited within 15 months of diagnosis of SLE from 33 centres between 1999 and 2011 and continue to be reviewed annually. Descri
