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Dopamine replacement therapy for Parkinson's disease is achieved using L-DOPA or dopamine D2/3 agonists, such as ropinirole. Here, we compare the effects of L-DOPA and ropinirole, alone or in combination, on patterns of glial and microvascular reactivity in the striatum. Rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions were treated with therapeutic-like doses of L-DOPA (6 mg/kg), an equipotent L-DOP

IntroductionIn speech, there are no blank spaces to signal boundaries between words as there is in written language, but listeners can nevertheless recognise individual words rapidly. Without these blank spaces or commas, listeners have to divide up – segment – the continuous speech stream into discrete words using other means. This study aimed to investigate the tonal cues important for speech se

Astronomers, such as Nic and Rebecca, are not the only ones orienting themselves using the stars. Animals, big and small, also navigate by starlight. In this last episode of the third season we invited Prof. Marie Dacke from the Department of Biology over to tell us about her research on the subject.In this third season we are also including some Cosmic Curiosities. These are some ideas, events or

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will be a transformative experiment for gravitational wave astronomy, and, as such, it will offer unique opportunities to address many key astrophysical questions in a completely novel way. The synergy with ground-based and space-born instruments in the electromagnetic domain, by enabling multi-messenger observations, will add further to the discov

Virtue ethics has many times been suggested as a promising recipe for the construction of artificial moral agents due to its emphasis on moral character and learning. However, given the complex nature of the theory, hardly any work has de facto attempted to implement the core tenets of virtue ethics in moral machines. The main goal of this paper is to demonstrate how virtue ethics can be taken all

The focus of this thesis is on cerebellar-dependent sensorimotor tasks during development. The performance in classical delay eyeblink conditioning, prism adaptation, and isochronous serial interval production (finger tapping) was explored in typically developing school-aged children, young adolescents, and adults. These three tasks share that the cerebellum plays a critical role when it comes to

Political communication research has long sought to understand the effects of cross-cutting exposure on political participation. Here, we argue for a paradigm shift that acknowledges the agency of citizens as producers of cross-cutting expression on social media. We define cross-cutting expression as political communication through speech or behavior within a counter-attitudinal space. After expli

Word formation processes frequently lead to systematic interactions between morphology and prosody (e.g., stress or speech melody). In this manner, the prosody on a word stem often changes when endings are added – either through inflection, derivation, or compounding. Native speakers exploit this relation between prosody and morphology during speech perception. On the one hand, they can use the pr

Multiplanetary systems spanning the radius valley are ideal testing grounds for exploring the different proposed explanations for the observed bimodality in the radius distribution of close-in exoplanets. One such system is HIP 29442 (TOI-469), an evolved K0V star hosting two super-Earths and one sub-Neptune. We observed HIP 29442 with CHEOPS for a total of 9.6 days, which we modelled jointly with

How do you control a superintelligent artificial being given the possibility that its goals or actions might conflict with human interests? Over the past few decades, this concern– the AGI control problem– has remained a central challenge for research in AI safety. This paper develops and defends two arguments that provide pro tanto support for the following policy for those who worry about the AG

The introduction of autonomous machines (AMs) in human domains has raised challenging questions about the attribution of responsibility; referred to as the responsibility gap. In this paper, we address the gap by arguing that entities should not be granted the freedom of action unless they can also recognise the same right for others—and be subject to blame or punishment in cases of undermining th

HIP 41378 d is a long-period planet that has only been observed to transit twice, three years apart, with K2. According to stability considerations and a partial detection of the Rossiter- McLaughlin effect, Pd = 278.36 d has been determined to be the most likely orbital period. We targeted HIP 41378 d with CHEOPS at the predicted transit timing based on Pd = 278.36 d, but the observations show no

The CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS) is a partnership between the European Space Agency and Switzerland with important contributions by 10 additional ESA member States. It is the first S-class mission in the ESA Science Programme. CHEOPS has been flying on a Sun-synchronous low Earth orbit since December 2019, collecting millions of short-exposure images in the visible domain to study e

Manual co-speech gestures can facilitate language comprehension, especially in adverse listening conditions. However, we do not know whether gestures influence simultaneous interpreters’ language comprehension in adverse listening conditions, and if so, whether this influence is modulated by interpreting experience, or by active simultaneous interpreting (SI). We exposed 24 interpreters and 24 bil