Assessment of bilingual children in only one language fails to acknowledge their distributed linguistic competence and has been shown to overidentify language disorder in bilingual populations. However, other factors, sometimes associated with bilingualism, may also contribute to low results in language assessments. Our aim was to examine the impact of these factors on language abilities. We used

Accurate characterization of large-scale antenna arrays is growing in importance and complexity for the fifth-generation (5G) and beyond systems, as they feature more antenna elements and require increased overall performance. The full 3D patterns of all antenna elements in the array need to be characterized because they are in general different due to construction inaccuracy, coupling, antenna ar

Cellular-connected unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has attracted a surge of research interest in both academia and industry. To support aerial user equipment (UEs) in the existing cellular networks, one promising approach is to assign a portion of the system bandwidth exclusively to the UAV-UEs. This is especially favorable for use cases where a large number of UAV-UEs are exploited, e.g., for packa

To make the content of moving images and audio-visual media available to a visually impaired audience, a sighted interpreter can provide audio description (AD). AD is a verbal description of visual events, aiming to increase the accessibility of visual information and to provide a visually impaired audience with a richer and more detailed understanding and experience of, for instance, films. To ac

Understanding of electromagnetic propagation properties in real environments is necessary for efficient design and deployment of cellular systems. In this paper, we show a method to estimate high-resolution channel parameters with a massive antenna array in real network deployments. An antenna array mounted on a vehicle is used to receive downlink long-term evolution (LTE) reference signals from n

Opportunistic navigation using cellular signals is appealing for scenarios where other navigation technologies face challenges. In this paper, long-term evolution (LTE) downlink signals from two neighboring commercial base stations (BS) are received by a massive antenna array mounted on a passenger vehicle. Multipath component (MPC) delays and angle-of-arrival (AOA) extracted from the received sig

This paper deals with propagation and channel modeling for physically large arrays. The focus lies on acquiring a spatially consistent model, which is essential, especially for positioning and sensing applications. Ultra-wideband, synthetic array measurement data have been acquired with large positioning devices to support this research. We present a modified multipath channel model that accounts

Context: Prototyping is an established practice within product and user interface design that is also used as a requirements engineering (RE) practice within agile development. Even so, there is a lack of theory on prototyping.Aims: Our main research objective is to support practitioners in improving on their prototyping practices.Method: We have designed a model that describes key aspects of the

Context: Software selection in large-scale software development continues to be ad hoc and ill-structured. Previous proposals for software component selection tend to be technology-specific and/or do not consider business or ecosystem concerns.Objective: Our main aim is to develop an industrially relevant technology-agnostic method that can support practitioners in making informed decisions when s

Multiple concepts for future generations of wireless communication standards utilize coherent processing of signals from many distributed antennas. Names for these concepts include distributed MIMO, cell-free massive MIMO, XL-MIMO, and large intelligent surfaces. They aim to improve communica- tion reliability, capacity, as well as energy efficiency and provide possibilities for new applications t

Invasive alien species threaten biodiversity with domestic gardens acting as a major pathway for the introduction of alien species. Even though the Nordic region is not currently a hotspot for biological invasions, the number of invasions in the Nordic area has been predicted to increase due to climate change. Given a time lag between introduction and invasion, many non-invasive horticultural alie

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology holds the potential to revolutionize head-mounted displays (HMDs) by enabling high-speed wireless communication with nearby processing nodes, where complex video rendering can take place. However, the sparse angular profile of mmWave channels, coupled with the narrow field of view (FoV) of patch-antenna arrays and frequent HMD rotation, can lead to poor performa

A deep understanding of double-directional wireless channels is imperative for wireless system design. This necessitates the development of precise channel models through channel sounding. Given the dynamic nature of wireless channels, a short measurement time is highly desirable. In this paper, we present and validate a dual-polarized millimeter-wave channel sounder that uses a rotating mirror me

Immersing a user in life-like extended reality (XR) scenery using a head-mounted display (HMD) with a constrained form factor and hardware complexity requires remote rendering on a nearby edge server or computer. Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication technology can provide sufficient data rate for wireless XR content transmission. However, mmWave channels exhibit severe sparsity in the angular do

The geometry-based stochastic channel models (GSCM), which can describe realistic channel impulse responses, often rely on the existence of both local and far scatterers. However, their visibility from both the base station (BS) and mobile station (MS) depends on their relative heights and positions. For example, the condition of visibility of a scatterer from the perspective of a BS is different

Accurate statistical characterization of electromagnetic propagation is necessary for the design and deployment of radio systems. State-of-the-art channel models such as the Enhanced COST 2100 Channel Model utilize the concept of clusters of multipath components, and characterize channels by their inter- and intra-cluster statistics. Automatic clustering algorithms have been proposed in literature

Unlike any other group of animals, all ant species are social: individual ants share the food they gather with their nestmates and as a consequence they must repeatedly leave their nest to find food and then return home with it. These back-and-forth foraging trips have been studied for about a century and much of our growing understanding of the strategies underlying animal navigation has come fro

Distributed massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication is envisioned as one of the key paradigms of future MIMO systems. To investigate non-wide-sense stationarities (non-WSSs) in distributed massive MIMO channels, this paper first presents an indoor channel measurement campaign, where distributed arrays with a total of 128 elements were implemented. Then relying on the correlatio

Since 2010, it has become increasingly clear that North Germanic word accents have a strong predictive function in speech processing. Recent findings on the semantic effects of word accents might appear contradictory to this interpretation. However, we show that the predictive perspective is crucial for understanding these semantic effects.

An accurate description of the wireless channel is essential to the development of modern wireless systems. In order to mathematically model the propagation channel, one important prior step often done is high-resolution parameter estimation. The estimation accuracy of this step has a significant impact on how well the channel models can represent reality. In this paper, we address this by improvi