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OBJECTIVE To examine duration of breastfeeding and timing of complementary foods and risk of islet autoimmunity (IA). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study prospectively follows 8,676 childrenwith increased genetic risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the U.S., Finland, Germany, and Sweden. This study included 7,563 children with at least 9 m
OBJECTIVES: To investigate differences in ulcer healing time and waiting time between video consultation and inperson assessment for patients with hard-to-heal ulcers.SETTING: Patients treated at Blekinge Wound Healing Centre, a primary care centre covering the whole of Blekinge county (150 000 inhabitants), were compared with patients registered and treated according to the Registry of Ulcer Trea
Objective: The aim of this investigation was to study differences between male and female patients with stage T1 urinary bladder cancer (UBC) regarding intravesical instillation therapy, second resection and survival. Materials and methods: This study included all patients with non-metastatic primary T1 UBC reported to the Swedish National Register of Urinary Bladder Cancer (SNRUBC) from 1997 to 2
Retinal ischemia remains a major cause of blindness in the world with few acute treatments available. Recent emphasis on retinal vasculature and the ophthalmic artery's vascular properties after ischemia has shown an increase in vasoconstrictive functionality, as previously observed in cerebral arteries following stroke. Specifically, endothelin-1 (ET-1) receptor-mediated vasoconstriction regulate
Background and aims Diet and smoking expose the general population to cadmium (Cd), which is a toxic metal that accumulates in the arterial wall. In experimental studies, Cd causes reductions in proliferation of smooth muscle cells and cellular synthesis of procollagen. The aim of this study was to examine whether blood Cd levels, a valid measure of Cd exposure, are associated with increased risk
Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate fetal head rotation during vacuum extraction. Material and methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study from November 2013 to July 2016 in seven European hospitals. Fetal head position was determined with transabdominal or transperineal ultrasound and categorized as occiput anterior (OA), occiput transverse (OT) or occiput posterior (OP) po
Although the use of induction therapy has reduced the risk of acute rejection after heart transplantation, its use may be associated with other adverse outcomes. We aimed to examine the effect of no induction (NoInd), induction with basiliximab (BAS), or induction with antithymocyte globulin (ATG) on outcome after heart transplantation. We analyzed data from the International Society for Heart and
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate if surface guided radiotherapy (SGRT) can decrease patient positioning time for localized prostate cancer patients compared to the conventional 3-point localization setup method. The patient setup accuracy was also compared between the two setup methods. Materials and methods: A total of 40 localized prostate cancer patients were enrolled in this
The role of lymphadenectomy in the management of early endometrial cancer remains controversial. In the recent ESMO-ESGO-ESTRO guidelines, lymphadenectomy is recommended for patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma Grade 3 with deep myometrial invasion, but complete agreement was not achieved. In Sweden, DNA aneuploidy has been included as a high-risk factor. The aim of our study was to evaluate
OBJECTIVES: The aim was to investigate the effects of volume and pressure overload and increased coronary perfusion pressure on coronary flow (CF) in congenital heart disease (CHD) patients. BACKGROUND: The effects of CHD on CF are poorly mapped. METHODS: A total of 65 patients with acyanotic CHD and 49 age-matched healthy controls were examined by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. Posterior
PURPOSE: The main function of erythropoietin (EPO) is to stimulate erythropoiesis. EPO receptors (EPOR) are expressed in other cell types, including tumor cells, suggesting that the EPO/EPOR pathway governs additional cellular processes besides erythropoiesis. Recombinant EPO (rhEPO) is frequently given to anemic cancer patients, although data on clinical outcome are conflicting. In an attempt to
I detta examensarbete, som skrivits i samarbete med Svenska Turistföreningen (STF), beräknas och utvärderas de växthusgasutsläpp som driften av föreningens fjällstugor, belägna i väglöst land, ger upphov till. Beräkningarna baseras på de fyra fjällstugorna Alesjaure, Sälka, Kårsavagge och Nallo. I studien beräknas det att en gästnatt, det vill säga en övernattning av en person, på en av de studeraThis master thesis was written in collaboration with the Swedish Tourist Association and evaluates the yearly greenhouse gas emissions caused by the management of the association’s mountain huts. The hut’s are situated in roadless land. The calculations are based on the four mountain huts Alesjaure, Sälka, Kårsavagge and Nallo. An overnight stay at one of the studied mountain huts give rise to on
Sverige står i dagsläget inför en brådskande energiomställning. Fossila bränsle skall fasas ut till 2045, landets kärnkraftsproduktion reduceras stadigt och samtidigt ökar energibehovet i takt med landets elektrifiering. Sverige har dock potential att miljövänligt och självständigt täcka upp för dessa avkall. Tilläget till vind- och solenergi heter Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). EGS-tekniken mThe ability to evaluate the geothermal potential at a depth of five to six kilometres in the crystalline bedrock is crucial for the EGS-technology to be utilized in the future. This work focuses primarily on presenting expected geological conditions at great depths in southwestern Scania. The study is based on information from E.ON’s deep drilling FFC-1 in Malmö and data and investigations of the
The accumulation of carbon (C) within boreal forest biomass is an important component of the global carbon cycle. Whilst it is understood that old forests contain a large carbon stock, the continued sequestration of carbon in these forests is debated. Swedish forests today are intensively managed as even-aged monocultures with short rotation times and have historically been managed through selecti
This study employs large-scale Chinese pre-trained language models (BERT series) and the Fill-Mask Association Test (FMAT) to systematically measure gender- and age-based, as well as class-based, heterogeneity in marital status stereotypes embedded in natural language. Four sub-studies were designed to examine the effects of age (22–40 years), residence (urban vs. rural), and education (high vs. l
Background: NOTCH1 PEST domain mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia have recently been shown to be of prognostic relevance. Both NOTCH1 and NOTCH2 are constitutively activated in B-cell CLL but not expressed in normal B cells and may be involved in survival and resistance to apoptosis in CLL. We screened for mutations in different parts of both NOTCH1 and NOTCH2 genes and related the changes
A pollen record obtained from a 2.2-m sediment succession deposited in a small lake in the province of Vasterbotten, north-eastern Sweden, reveals the presence of continuous forest cover since 8,500 calendar years before present (cal B.P.). Forest with abundant Pinus (pine) and Betula (birch) initially colonized the area, followed by a dominance of deciduous trees, primarily Betula, from ca. 8,000
Popular Abstract in Swedish Barn och ungdomar med hörselnedsättning har, i högre grad än jämnåriga kamrater utan hörselnedsättning, språkliga problem. Dessa problem märks när barnen gått några år i skolan och större krav ställs på deras läsförmåga och på deras förmåga att uttrycka sig i tal och skrift. Problemen kan yttra sig tidigt och på olika sätt, som svårigheter med att uttala och särskilja sThe aim of the present thesis was to explore reading comprehension and narration in children and adolescents with different degrees of hearing impairment (HI). In Study I, reading comprehension was investigated in 16 children with cochlear implants (CI), aged 7-13 years. Over 60% of the investigated children performed at the level of their hearing peers. Reading comprehension was better than expec
Återvinning av polymerer är nödvändig för hållbar livsföring och miljöförvaltning, och mekanisk återvinning har fördelen av mycket lägre energi- och materialförbruking jämfört med kemisk och fysisk återvinning. Ett framträdande problem med mekanisk återvinning är emellertid förkortningen av polymerkedjor som sker under deras livstid. Tekniken Reactive Recycling™ av Nexam Chemical innebär att återvRecycling of polymers is necessary for sustainable living and environmental stewardship, and mechanical recycling has the advantage of much lower energy and material demand compared to chemical and physical recycling. A prominent problem, however, with mechanical recycling is the shortening of polymer chains that occurs during their lifetime. The technology Reactive Recycling™ by Nexam Chemical in
