Filetype
Anti-monopoly laws play an important role to protect the market economy and maintain healthy environment for competition. After China joined WTO, the anti-monopoly problems are becoming more and more obvious. Anti-monopoly rules are needed urgently. It is inspiring that finally the Draft Anti-monopoly Law was passed preliminarily by the State Council in June 2006 after a more than ten years' g
This Thesis examines the legal mechanisms of patent protection under the TRIPS with regards to the pharmaceutical products. It also reviews the law requirements of public health needs and available legal instruments to overcome the protection given by a patent to provide an access to medications. This research does not analyze the other related issues which are applicable to the chosen topic. The
It has been over 25 years since the AIDS epidemic was first recognised. HIV/AIDS has claimed more lives in South Africa than in any other country in the world. The pandemic has devastating impacts on society. Children infected or affected by the virus are hit particularly hard and the AIDS pandemic negatively affects children and their human rights in numerous ways: physically, emotionally and eco
If one were to study Management Consultancy, they could be spoilt for choices on what to research on. Bombarded by several images of imperviousness, merky business practices , shady deals, compromise, self service, competitive morality and many other forms of euphemisms, the researchers, would see these notions, appear loud and resplendent, especially when, ‘seen through’ client consultant relatio
Depth data and bathymetry maps are used to analyze their association with tides, winds, currents and wave conditions in the port of Talara, at the coast of northern Peru. The objective is to investigate the processes that influence the sediment transport in the port. The sedimentation affects the saltwater pumps for fire fighting, obstructing them from delivering water since their operational wate
Personer anställda för uthyrning har sedan bemanningsföretag legaliserades behandlats annorlunda jämfört med andra anställda när de sökt arbetslöshetsersättning. Först i och med RÅ 2007 ref 20 klargjordes att uthyrningsanställda som avslutat flera på varandra följande visstidsanställningar hade rätt till arbetslöshetsersättning så länge anställningarna avslutades i enlighet med LAS och gällande koTemporary agency workers has been treated differently from other employees when they applied for unemployment benefits in Sweden ever since temporary-work-agencies where legalized. Only with RÅ 2007 ref 20 it was clarified that employees for hire who have completed a number of successive fixed-term contracts where entitled to unemployment benefits as long as the jobs were completed in accordance w
När Europakonventionen inkorporerades som svensk lag betonades starkt att det var lagstiftarens ansvar att se till att kraven enligt konventionen, såsom de uttolkas enligt Europadomstolen, skulle upprätthållas. Ansvaret att upprätthålla konventionens krav låg inte på svenska domstolar. Europakonventionen ska enligt Europadomstolen tolkas dynamiskt och rättigheternas innehåll och omfång kan förändrAt the time when the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR) was incorporated in Swedish law much emphasis was made by the legislator on the need to fulfil the requirements in the Convention as the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in Strasbourg interpreted them. The responsibility to fulfil the requirements was first and foremost laid upon the l
Mottagandet av asylsökande ensamkommande barn har blivit en obligatorisk uppgift för kommunerna. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur den nya bestämmelsen påverkar barnets rättsliga ställning. Ensamkommande barn definieras som barn under 18 år som vid ankomsten till Sverige är skilda från båda sina föräldrar eller från någon annan vuxen person som får anses ha trätt i föräldrarnas ställe, ellThe reception of asylum-seeking unaccompanied minors has become a mandatory task for the Swedish municipalities. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how this change in legislation affects the child's legal status. Unaccompanied minors are defined as children under 18 who, upon arrival in Sweden, are separated from both their parents or from another adult who may be considered to have e
Sammanfattning Människans rätt till självbestämmande är en grundläggande rättighet som i de allra flesta sammanhang i livet tillskrivs stor betydelse. Även inom hälso- och sjukvården betonas respekten för människans integritet och autonomi. När det gäller livets slutskede och människans rätt att styra över hur och när hon vill avsluta sitt liv får självbestämmanderätten emellertid vika till förmåSummary The human right to self-determination is a fundamental right, which in most situations in life is considered to be of high importance. This approach also applies in the department of medical care, in which the respect for the individual integrity and autonomy is emphasized. Regarding the final stages of life, the right to self-determination and the right to control how and when a person w
När lagstiftarna kriminaliserar en viss gärning innebär detta att ett brott har skapats. Detta sker främst i syfte att avhålla människor från att begå handlingen i fråga. Men då en kriminalisering i förlängningen kan innebära ett straff, vilket är en mycket långtgående och repressiv form av myndighetsutövning, krävs att det finns vissa begränsningar för när en kriminalisering får ske för att dettaWhen legislators criminalise a certain act, a crime has been created. The main purpose of this is to deter people from committing the act in question. But as a criminalisation can result in punishment, which is a very severe and suppressive form of administrative supervision, it requires certain restrictions being made as to when such a criminalisation can be considered legitimate. A very basic pr
Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka vilken roll allmänna intressen spelar i den svenska miljöprocessen. Vidare avser arbetet redogöra för de förutsättningar under vilka enskilda, organisationer och myndigheter kan företräda sådana intressen. Uppsatsen berör även vilka som beslutar i frågor som rör allmänna intressen. Då det finns en mängd allmänna intressen som kan aktualiseras i svensk rätt harThe aim of this essay is to investigate the role of public interests in Swedish environmental law. Furthermore the essay aims to explain under which circumstances individuals, organizations and government agencies may represent public interests. The essay also discusses the question of who rules in matters concerning public interests. Since a variety of different public interests may occur in Swed
Popular science summary Are drugs only drugs for human being? An experiment to see if some of the anthropogenic pharmaceuticals are toxic contaminants for the aquatic environment. All kinds of pharmaceuticals have been using widely and the amount has been increased significantly during the last few decades. Concerns about the occurrence of pharmaceuticals releasing into different matrixes of th
Abstract This paper studies the encounter of the Roma culture with Swedish culture during the period 1950 to 1975. I understand this encounter as a period in which the Swedish authorities tried to integrate the Roma culture by means of the homogenization of cultural values. During the studied period of time, the confronted values were those of a Roma culture with traditional defensive attitude ma
För att beviljas asyl måste queera asylsökande inför myndigheterna bevisa att de verkligen är queera. Om de inte gör det avslås deras ansökan som icke trovärdig och de riskerar att utvisas till sina ursprungsländer. I denna avhandling utforskar jag, genom möten med beslutsfattare, jurister, asylsökande och flyktingar, den affektiva produktionen av (o)trovärdig queerness inom det grekiska asylsysteTo be granted asylum, queer applicants must prove to the examining authorities that they are genuinely queer. Otherwise, their claims are rejected as non-credible, placing them at risk of deportation. In this thesis, I explore the affective production of (in)credible queerness in the Greek asylum apparatus. Through encounters with decision-makers, lawyers, asylum seekers, and refugees, I discuss t
Banks carry a great responsibility when it comes to the financial systems in our society. Disturbance in the credit system affects both lender and borrower. All financial institutions must therefore carefully estimate their risk exposure. This assessment enables them to cover themselves from losses with appropriate capital buffers as main guardian. In order to prevent bank crises and also to maint
One of the cleanest ways of transporting goods is at sea. However, the emissions from ships increase and with a wider knowledge about the environmental consequences caused by the emissions, requisite regulations are needed. This thesis deals with air emissions of sulphate (SOx) - and nitrogen oxides (NOx). These emissions cause negative environmental effects both by direct pollution and by forming
Purpose: The purpose of this research paper is to examine the challenges of repositioning both in aligning the brand image with the brand identity and in sustaining the brand equity through creating consistency. This research is examined through the case of Jägermeister. Methodology: A qualitative research method was conducted. Primary data was collected through a focus group and secondary data w
Bumblebee abundance and diversity have been declining in the last few decades. Habitat change, mainly due to intensified agricultural practices, has been pointed out as the main driver in this process. Being central place foragers bumblebees are highly dependent on the landscape surrounding the nest and the resources available there. According to the optimal foraging theory bumblebee individuals i
Med ett kritiskt perspektiv utifrån en rättsdogmatisk metod undersöks pojkars roll, som offer och förövare, i hederskontexten och hur de omfattas av rekvisiteten i 2 § lag med särskilda bestämmelser om vård av unga (LVU) i praktiken. Heder är detsamma som anseende, ära och aktning inom hedersgruppen och hedern bevaras intakt så länge hedersnormen följs. Hedersnormen består bland annat av uppfattniFrom a critical point of view and with a judicial dogmatic method of analysis, the roles boys have both as victims and perpetrators, will be analyzed in a context of cultural honor. As well as how they are encompassed by 2 § Care of Young Persons Act (LVU) in legal praxis. Honor is equivalent to devoir, respect and esteem, and is perpetuated within the focus-group for as long as the honor norms ar
Den internationella investeringsrätten regleras i stort genom ett system av bilaterala investeringsavtal upprättat två stater emellan. Dessa skyddar internationella investeringar genom en rad olika substantiella rättigheter. Det utmärkande skyddet de erbjuder är dock rätten till skiljeförfarande. Genom skiljeklausuler i investeringsavtal har investerare möjlighet att stämma stater genom skiljeförfInternational investment law is regulated by a system of bilateral investment agreements. These protect international investments through a number of substantive rights. One of the principle rights conferred is through the dispute settlement clause, which generally dictates that disputes shall be settled through arbitration. Thus, investors have the possibility of suing states through an arbitrati
