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Objective - To screen risk groups for low bone mineral density by quantitative ultrasound in primary health care. Design - Cross-sectional. Intervention - None. Subjects - Risk categories for osteoporosis (a fragility fracture, malabsorption, immobilisation, inflammatory joint disease, glucocorticoid, fenantoin or thyroxin treatment, renal insufficiency or "miscellaneous"), 775 women and 179 men a

In recent work, the concentration index has been widely used as a measure of income-related health inequality. The purpose of this note is to illustrate two different methods for decomposing the overall health concentration index using data collected from a Short Form (SF-36) survey of the general Australian population conducted in 1995. For simplicity, we focus on the physical functioning scale o

Three diagnostic tests, Nitur, Urobact, and Uricult, were evaluated in the detection of bacteriuria in 865 pregnant women. As reference method agar culture was performed. Heavy growth (greater than 10(5) CFU/ml) of urinary tract bacteria was considered a true positive result and demonstrated in 58 (6.7%) of the women, 14 of whom had gram-negative rods. The sensitivity of the nitrite test was extre

Aims: To describe persons visiting the psychiatric emergency room (PER) in Sweden and to compare persons who frequently (PFV) and infrequently (PIFV) visit PERs in terms of group size, age, gender, PER location inside versus outside the home municipality, diagnosis (ICD 10), temporal patterns of visits and hospital admissions. Methods: This register study included all visits to PERs in one Swedish

Purpose of review: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a high prevalence condition with a significant clinical and economic burden. In elderly people, COPD is often associated with other chronic comorbidities (i.e. cardiovascular diseases), determining clinical complications and requiring frequent acute healthcare interventions. The aim of this article is to review the economic studies

A perspective paper about the Swedish ambulance services.

Mental health problems affect the patients and their families, who may also need therapeutic interventions. Mindfulness interventions have shown beneficial health effects for clinical and healthy populations. A web-based mindfulness intervention was tailored to address families' needs of support and tested in a pilot intervention study. The aim of this study was to explore the participants' experi

Introduction Anal fistula is an abnormal tract with an external and internal opening that cause leakage, discomfort, and occasionally pain. Surgery is standard treatment, but recurrence and anal incontinence is common. The objective of the study was to analyze resource use, costs and sick leave for newly diagnosed patients with anal fistula in Sweden. Methods The study was based on register data f

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the appropriateness of hospitalized patients’ level of care as assessed by their treating physicians. The study was conducted as a qualitative study, based on a questionnaire. The study suggests that physicians generally believe that patients who occupy in-hospital beds are cared for at the appropriate level of care. It is worth to note that a relatively

Healthcare inequality is ubiquitous globally, but the effects are most striking in low-resource settings. In these settings, current methods for the design of medical devices are failing to address specific needs. The associated publications rarely describe how the context was studied at the front-end of design. There is a latent need for a holistic contextual framework for guiding the design deci

Self-reported data collected Via Surveys are a key input into a wide range of research conducted by economists. It is well known that Such data are subject to measurement error that arises when respondents are asked to recall past utilisation. Survey designers Must determine the length of the recall period and face a trade-off as increasing the recall period provides more information, but increase

I dagens samhälle är innovation av tilltagande värde för såväl industrialiserade som utvecklingsländer och ett innovativt samhällsklimat innebär ett betydande bidrag till den ekonomiska tillväxten och till samhällsutvecklingen i stort. Det bokförda värdet hos dagens bolag består till en stor och växande del av immateriella tillgångar och det blir ständigt lättare att tillgå mer och bättre kunskap.In today’s society innovation is increasingly important for a developed, as well as a developing, country and it is a significant contributor to economic growth and the evolution of society. The accounted value of companies increasingly consists of immaterial property and our access to existing knowledge is ever greater and ever easier. Since ideas and innovations are of such great importance to m

This paper develops an accounting framework to consider the effect of deaths on the longitudinal analysis of income-related health inequalities. Ignoring deaths or using Inverse Probability Weights (IPWs) to re-weight the sample for mortality-related attrition can produce misleading results. Incorporating deaths into the longitudinal analysis of income-related health inequalities provides a more c

A review of existing economic models in major depressive disorder (MDD) highlighted the need for models with longer time horizons that also account for heterogeneity in treatment pathways between patients. A core discrete event simulation model was developed to estimate health and cost outcomes associated with alternative treatment strategies.

BACKGROUND: GP recruitment and retention difficulties challenge the traditional general practice model. Task-shifting and relieving GPs from financial risk have been suggested to make primary care more attractive. In Sweden's multiprofessional team-based primary care system, GPs usually work as salaried employees and there is extensive task-shifting. Salaried employment facilitates mobility, poten

Adaptive haptics, an amalgamation of different haptic systems and machine learning algorithms, has the potential for intelligent feedback in healthcare. Such systems are capable of learning to suit individual user needs in real-time, thereby improving patient care, medical education, and treatment. Targeted techniques of machine learning approaches are reinforcement learning, neural networks, supp

Complicated colonic diverticulitis remains a frequent cause of hospital admissions in Western countries, associated with significant morbidity and health care utilization. Complications include abscess formation, perforation, sepsis, fistulas, and colonic stenosis, which may be present at initial presentation or develop during the disease course. Approximately 10%-20% of hospitalized diverticuliti