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Inom kärnkraftsindustrin är säkerhet den aspekt som prioriteras högst. Alla kärnkraftverk är designade för att i högsta möjliga mån förhindra läckage av radioaktivetet till omgivningen, både under drift och i händelse av en allvarlig olycka. Med anledning av detta är reaktorinneslutningens vägg en av de viktigaste säkerhetsrelaterade konstruktionerna vid en anläggning, detta då denna konstruktionSafety is the top priority at a nuclear facility. The nuclear power plants are designed to prevent radioactive leakage to the surroundings, both during normal operation as well as in case of a severe accident. One of the most important structures in a nuclear power plant, with regard to safety, is thus the reactor containment wall. The containment wall is the last main barrier to prevent radioacti

Although bottom water hypoxia (O2 −1) is presently widespread in the Baltic Sea coastal zone, there is a lack of insight into past changes in bottom water oxygen in these areas on timescales of millennia, and the possible driving factors. Here, we present a sediment-based environmental reconstruction of surface water productivity, salinity and bottom water oxygen for the past 5400 years at Gåsfjär

Peak bone mass is normally reached in the third decade of life. Previously, in the population-based PEAK-25 cohort (n = 1061, age 25.5 ± 0.2), we demonstrated that bone mineral density in the population-based PEAK-25 cohort is comparatively high; therefore, this study aimed to determine if the calcaneus microarchitecture mirrored this. In the process, we describe normative quantitative ultrasound

Deeper winter snow is hypothesized to favor shrub growth and may partly explain the shrub expansion observed in many parts of the arctic during the last decades, potentially triggering biophysical feedbacks including regional warming and permafrost thawing. We experimentally tested the effects of winter snow depth on shrub growth and ecophysiology by measuring stem length and stem hydrogen (δ2H),

Popular Abstract in Swedish Beständiga organiska miljögifter, till exempel PCB (Polyklorerade bifenyler), har vållat stora miljöproblem i flera decennier. Dessa föroreningar är kemiskt och biologiskt sett väldigt stabila, vilket gör att de bryts ner mycket långsamt i miljön och alltså kan transporteras långväga med vindar och strömmar. Därför kan man hitta PCB över hela jorden, även i områden där Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) pose serious threats to our global environment. These compounds have high chemical and biological stability and they are also very lipophilic. These characteristics not only render POPs the ability to spread widely and pollute remote areas, they also make them prone to accumulate in adipose tissues of living organisms. Consequently, it is important to monitor P

Unemployment and precarity have become key features of 21st century work. Employability is presented as a solution to these issues. Individuals are exhorted to manage their employability, in order to be able to exercise choice in the labour market. While employability is individualsʼ responsibility, governments, employers and educational bodies simply provide opportunities for its development. Hig

In order to develop new pharmaceuticals, to optimize pharmacotherapy and secure patient safety, documentation of the properties of pharmaceutical formulations is a most important process. A significant practical problem associated with pre-clinical evaluation of lipophilic substances with pharmacological properties is their low aqueous solubility. The overall aim of this thesis was to develop te

Testing ofIntegrated Circuits is important to ensure the production offault-free chips. However, testing is becoming cumbersome andexpensive due to the increasing complexity of these ICs. Technologydevelopment has made it possible to produce chips where a completesystem, with an enormous transistor count, operating at a highclock frequency, is placed on a single die - SOC (System-on-Chip).The devi

The relative complexity of the mechanisms underlying savanna ecosystem dynamics, in comparison to other biomes such as temperate and tropical forests, challenges the representation of such dynamics in ecosystem and Earth system models. A realistic representation of processes governing carbon allocation and phenology for the two defining elements of savanna vegetation (namely trees and grasses) may

Deoxyribonucleoside kinases (dNKs) carry out the rate-determining step in the nucleoside salvage pathway within all domains of life where the pathway is present, and, hence, are an indication on whether or not a species/genus retains the ability to salvage deoxyribonucleosides. Here, a phylogenetic tree is constructed for the thymidine kinase 2-like dNK gene family in metazoa. Each enzyme class (d

Dynamics of optically excited electronic states have been studied in solid films and solutions of semiconducting polymers and model compounds. Transient absorption, monitored in the spectral range from 0.9 eV to 2.5 eV with a time resolution of about 100 fs, was the main experimental technique. Transient anisotropy, obtained from different polarizations of light, was employed to trace the dipole m

AIM: The enzymatic regulation of intramuscular triacylglycerol (TG) breakdown has until recently not been well understood. Our aim was to elucidate the role of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), which controls TG breakdown in adipose tissue. METHODS: Isolated rat muscle as well as exercising humans were studied. RESULTS: The presence of HSL was demonstrated in all muscle fibre types by Western blotti

Introduction. An open collaborative international network has been established which aims to improve inter-centre standards for collection of high-resolution, neurointensive care data on patients with traumatic brain injury. The group is also working towards the creation of an open access, detailed and validated database that will be useful for post-hoc hypothesis testing. In Part A, the underlyin

Popular Abstract in Swedish Mikroorganismer finns överallt! De klarar av att överleva i extrema miljöer, extrema pH, extrema temperaturer och kan motstå strålning och gift i doser som vi inte skulle överleva. Framförallt klarar mikroorganismer av att överleva i en specifik extrem miljö - människan. Hundratals olika mikroorganismer bor på och i oss, i ett antal som långt överskrider vårt eget cellaMicroorganisms are everywhere! They can tolerate many diverse extreme environments, such as the human body. Even though many of us might associate the word microorganism with infections and disease, most are actually either harmless or even beneficial for us. Those commensals often fight off more dangerous bacteria and might also directly benefit their host. The human skin harbors several differen

Stem cells have qualities that clearly distinguish them from all other cells. Capabilities like self-renewal, differentiation and migration make them truly powerful. This thesis deals with different aspects of stem/progenitor cells in relation to cancer. Certain types of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) have been shown to possess a potential of tracking glioma cells in the brain. This makes them pot