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Neurotensin (NT) is a small protein implicated in the regulation of energy balance which acts as both a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and as a gastrointestinal peptide. In the gut, NT is secreted after fat ingestion and promotes the absorption of fatty acids. The circulating levels of its precursor, pro-NT, predicts the presence and development of metabolic and cardiovascular dise

Biological aerosol particles affect human health, are essential for microbial and gene dispersal, and have been proposed as important agents for atmospheric processes. However, the abundance and size distributions of atmospheric biological particles are largely unknown. In this study we used a laser-induced fluorescence instrument to measure fluorescent biological aerosol particle (FBAP) concentra

Right before northern hemisphere’s summer shifts to autumn small insect-eatingbirds start lengthy journeys to tropical regions. It is well established that temporarylack food and annual changes in weather are the ultimate reasons for this behavior.On a proximal level however, the process is poorly understood. Yet crosscontinental bird migration is a widespread phenomenon that has evolved severalti

4-1BB (CD137) is an activation-induced costimulatory receptor that regulates immune responses of activated CD8 T and natural killer cells, by enhancing proliferation, survival, cytolytic activity, and IFNγ production. The ability to induce potent antitumor activity by stimulating 4-1BB on tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells makes 4-1BB an attractive target for designing novel immuno-oncology therapeu

The accurate estimation of soil carbon (C) pool and fluxes is a prerequisite to better understand the terrestrial C feedback to climate change. However, recent studies showed considerable uncertainties in soil C estimates. To provide a reliable C estimate in the grasslands of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), we calibrated key parameters in a process-based ecosystem model (the CENTURY model) throug

Soil erosion has created landscape problems in many parts of the world and in particular in cold regions where the sensitive permafrost conditions have changed due to climate warming. Such a case occurred in the Tibetan Plateau (TP), which has been strongly affected by global warming and human activities. Monitoring technologies, like remote sensing and field surveys were used to explore soil eros

Late Quaternary glaciations, deglaciations, sea-level changes and aeolian activity have resulted in an abundance of clastic sediments that currently cover the three Baltic States, Northern Europe almost entirely. The chronology for these deposits has largely been established from luminescence dating. This review synthesises 201 luminescence ages obtained between 2011 and 2021 on sediments in the B

Wild insect pollinators are essential to cultivated and natural ecosystems globally. Today, many pollinator species are declining. One reason is a general lack of flowering habitats at landscape scales. However, urban areas, including private gardens, may provide flowers, and constitute beneficial habitats for pollinators. Here, we evaluate the ecological outcomes of a citizen science campaign run

Albert-László Barabási, from the introduction to his book titled Linked: the new science of networks, “Just as diverse humans share skeletons that are almost indistinguishable, we have learned that these diverse maps follow a common blueprint. A string of recent breathtaking discoveries has forced us to acknowledge that amazingly simple and far-reaching natural laws govern the structure and evolut

X-ray crystallography is the main source of atomistic information on the structure of proteins. Normal crystal structures are obtained as a compromise between the X-ray scattering data and a set of empirical restraints that ensure chemically reasonable bond lengths and angles. However, such restraints are not always available or accurate for nonstandard parts of the structure, for example substrat

Background & Aims: Few patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are exposed to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists because of the often mild symptoms of IBD. We assessed the effects of anti-TNF agents on liver function in patients with PSC and IBD, and their efficacy in treatment of IBD. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 141

Background: Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It was the primary aim of this study to determine different measures of cardiac, carotid, lipid, and apolipoprotein status in young adult CCS and in healthy controls. Methods: Cardiac and common carotid artery (CCA) structure and function were measured by ultrasonography. Lipids and apolipoprot

The interaction of protein S with membranes and subsequent combination with complement C4b-binding protein (C4BP) was studied. Protein S interacted with phospholipid vesicles in a calcium-dependent manner typical of other vitamin K-dependent proteins. Association of C4BP with protein S showed no apparent selectivity for membrane-bound or solution phase protein S. When bound to the membrane, the pr

Introduction: Primary health care centers (PHCCs) in Sweden are struggling to maintain a balance between increasing demands of service and supervision and learning activities for a growing number of students. We sought a deeper understanding of primary care physicians and managers behavioral intention towards supervising, and their perceptions of the structural preconditions and support needed.Met