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This study investigates the effects of climate policy uncertainty (CPU) shocks on metal spot prices from 1990 to 2025 using impulse response analysis within a Vector Auto-Regressive (VAR) framework. The results indicate that price responses are time-varying and heterogeneous across metals. Overall, CPU shocks are found to have contemporaneous negative effects with short-term persistence. Although
Den här kvalitativa komparativa studien ämnar att utforska och jämföra de facto-staterna Taiwans och Kosovos relation till EU utifrån ett neorealistiskt perspektiv. Både Taiwan och Kosovo saknar fullt erkännande som suveräna stater. Tidigare har forskning gjorts om respektive fall, men inte i en komparativ kontext. Resultatet pekar på fyra oberoende variabler som skiljer fallen åt: internationella
Normal science is a characterization of science in our epoch and a demarcation of what “scientific” means. It divides science in disciplined/normed paradigms. Mathematical epidemiology is the paradigm that regulates the activity of mathematicians with respect to the study of epidemics. It also represents the interest (multiple meanings implied) of the community that guards it. In contrast, a real
We introduce the notion of a-walk S(n) = a1X1 +… + anXn, based on a sequence of positive numbers a = (a1, a2,…) and a Rademacher sequence X1,X2,…. We study recurrence/ transience (properly defined) of such walks for various sequences of a.
This interview focuses on a spectrum of urgent challenges facing marginalized human and other-than-human communities, including the intersecting crises of global anthropogenic climate disruption and state and institutional racist violence. We discuss and consider the opportunities, limits, and contradictions of pursuing transformative, intersectional political change and scholarship through effort
In Vitaby parish are the ruins of a castle built around 1200 and deserted before 1300. An excavation was made in 1911 and again by the author in 2001 and 2002. The construction i unique in Europe with a support wall for the shellkeep 5,5 meters high, going all through the motte down to the peat. The castle was probably owned by the family Galen
Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att få en bättre kunskap om hur en kundvärdesorienterad affärsidé och strategi realiseras inom en multinationell verkstadskoncern, hur olika personer inom koncernen tolkar begreppet kundvärde och vilka de primära drivkrafter antas vara som lett valet av en kundvärdesorienterad strategi. Det är också att undersöka vilken roll IS/IT, enligt våra informanter, har haft
Syftet med reglerna om offentlig upphandling är att se till att offentliga kontrakt tilldelas på ett öppet, likvärdigt och konkurrensneutralt sätt genom att låta leverantörer konkurrera om kontrakten. Ingen leverantör får särbehandlas och all upphandling ska ske affärsmässigt och i konkurrens. All offentlig upphandling finansieras med hjälp av skattemedel, och därför är det viktigt att förfarandetThe purpose of the rules about public procurement is to make sure that public contracts are allocated in an open, equivalent and pre-competitive way by letting suppliers compete over the contracts. No preferential treatment can arise to any supplier and all procurement must occur in commercial and competitive ways. All public procurement is funded trough taxes, therefore it is important that the p
Sedan Internationella brottmålsdomstolen uppfördes och började utöva sin dömande verksamhet 2002 har domstolen haft jurisdiktion över krigsförbrytelser, brott mot mänskligheten och folkmord. I Romstadgan fanns redan från start även aggressionsbrottet upptaget, alltså brottet att inleda otillåtligt krig. Parterna lyckades dock inte enas om en definition av aggression och därför begränsades domstoleSince the International Criminal Court began to exercise their jurisdiction in 2002, the Court has been able to judge individuals over war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide. The crime of aggression, i.e. the crime of illegal use of force in international relations, was also listed as one of the crimes under the Court’s jurisdiction. But due to the fact that the State Parties could not a
This thesis aims to investigate the dynamics of the so-called “leverage-effect”. This asymmetry in volatility after negative shocks, relative to positive shocks has been documented extensively before. However, except for findings that it is not due to leverage, the underlying or enhancing factors that cause it have not been investigated. This thesis aims to do so, by testing for the influence of f
Dynamic pricing is a pricing strategy where prices are no longer fixed or constant. Instead, they are continuously readjusted according to perceived demand and factors that influence the desirability of the product. It is in passenger transport where it has one of its biggest applications, in order to increase profits and maximize the use of limited capacity. While extensively studied for its econ
It is known that underpricing is a widely researched topic worldwide by many different aspects, having instigated studies over the last decades to find reasons in order to explain this phenomenon. However, its relation with banks’ commission fees is still a little explored field, possibly due to the lack of data available to test for this hypothesis. This context raises the following research ques
This study explores the implications of an encampment policy - criminalising refugees’ mobility beyond the borders of a camp - for the potential of Cash Based Transfer assistance in protracted refugee situations. As the success of Cash Based Transfer assistance implies market availability and access to commodities, and certain interaction between the host community and refugee population, it is ar
Climate refugees are becoming increasingly common due to increased global warming as a result of excess emissions, the vast majority of which come from the Global North. The aim of this thesis is to examine how the climate refugee issue is described in Swedish media against a backdrop of a potential conflict between a Swedish self-image as progressive in humanitarian matters, and the recent strict
Jakten på alltmer kompakt och komplicerad elektronik fortsätter lika ivrig som den alltid gjort. Med den takt vi idag håller är det inte förvånande att vi snart kommer att möta problem. Hur små kan vi göra våra kretsar utan att vi möter problem? Svaret är att vi kan komma nära ett par atomer i höjd. Detta svar har vi funnit i en speciellt formad kol hinna kallad grafen. Strukturen av grafen är mycNew 2D materials with high electron mobility can potentially be used for small and energy efficient electronic devices in the future. One such material that has been studied intensely is graphene. Despite the large amount of studies, the question of how to create useful shapes of graphene remains unanswered. In this work I studied how graphene may be spatially etched by intercalating oxygen before
