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The extent to which public health interventions and medical innovations have improved population health has long been debated. This thesis addresses this question by examining anti‑tuberculosis (TB) campaigns—often considered the first modern public health campaigns—through the case study of twentieth‑century Sweden.The thesis begins by documenting the rise and fall of Sweden’s anti‑TB campaigns,

OBJECTIVE: To describe the distribution of HIV-1 variants in population-based national surveys conducted in sub-Saharan African countries between 2015 and 2022.DESIGN: Multicountry analysis.METHODS: Sixteen population-based national surveys, conducted between 2015 and 2022, were analyzed. Survey participants were eligible if HIV genotyping was successful. In most countries, people with HIV (PWH) w

Management of neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome following the Norwood procedure seeks to optimize systemic oxygen delivery while maintaining an appropriate distribution between systemic and pulmonary blood flow. The objective of this study was to quantify actively circulating blood volume, total cardiac output, the pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow ratio (Qp/Qs), and vascular resistance

Introduction: Present literature on professionalism usually focuses on individual parts of professional identity development and mostly, as these are seen and are evaluated by the dental educators. When looking at professionalism and in particular professional identity formation, It is extremely important to listen to the voice of the students regarding their thoughts, attitudes, beliefs and ideas

Introduction: Divers are reported to have a lower ventilatory response to elevated levels of carbon dioxide (CO₂) than non-divers. Hypoventilation with CO₂ retention during diving is potentially dangerous. It is unknown if CO₂ retention is largely inherited or develops during diving training. We aimed to investigate if a military dive training course would influence the ventilatory response to CO₂

Background: SARS-CoV-2 remains globally circulating, yet post-pandemic comprehensive molecular, serological, and population-level immunity data from low-resource settings such as Ethiopia are limited. This study employed genomic surveillance with seroepidemiological assessment to characterize the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 among individuals presenting with influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe a

While the magnitude and types of data available to orthopaedic researchers are steadily growing, standardized and efficient data management workflows for orthopaedic research using artificial intelligence (AI) are currently lacking. This work introduces essential principles and best practices for planning, collecting, storing, processing, labelling and governing data in AI-based orthopaedic resear

This study describes the development of a three-step method called Participatory Research through Design using a co-design and dialogue approach to enhance cognitive accessibility in eHealth services in public healthcare. The method is a combination of Participatory Design, Participatory Action Research and Research through Design (RtD). Together with participants with lived experiences of cogniti

INTRODUCTION: Child stunting, a measure of malnutrition, is a major global health challenge affecting 148.1 million children in 2022. Global stunting rates have declined from 47.2% in 1985 to 22.3% in 2022; however, trends before the mid-1980s are unclear, including whether child stunting was previously prevalent in current high-income countries (HICs). We conducted a systematic review of child gr

In the 1960s and 1970s, Third World diplomats and jurists developed a distinct understanding of the use of force in international law. Two conclusions emerged from the understanding that colonial rule had been a “permanent aggression” against their territories: Firstly, a right to self-defense against colonial domination is a necessary corollary to the right to self-determination in the face of vi

We introduce a new initialization method for 3D Gaussians used in 3D occupancy estimation, a key task in autonomous driving that involves identifying semantic elements in a vehicle's surroundings and accurately locating them in space. Our approach leverages distance sensor data, such as from lidar or radar, to place 3D Gaussians using farthest point sampling, ensuring coverage of meaningful scene

Philosophical debate on conspiracy theories divides between particularism, which argues for an evaluation of conspiracy theories on a case by case, and generalism, which treats them — as a class — as inherently irrational. This divide complicates how we interpret empirical research on conspiracy theory belief. Many psychological and social-scientific studies emphasize correlations between conspira

INTRODUCTION: There are few recent studies on trends over time in functional outcome and mortality after stroke, with results separately presented for ischaemic stroke (IS) or ICH. We aimed to determine temporal changes in functional outcome and case-fatality 90 days after IS and ICH in Sweden between 2010 and 2019. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We included patients (≥18 years) with first-ever IS or ICH r

The paper analyses the legal framework for the collection and distribution of remote sensing data, particularly in the field of sustainable development and environmental protection at the European level. The research firstly focuses on the historical evolution of space law at the international, European, and national levels, starting from the 1970s. In parallel, environmental law has rapidly devel

Research in computational mechanics is increasingly in search of methods that directly incorporate the information governed by data. Within these data-based methods, the data-driven mechanics approach seeks to replace conventional material models with discrete data sets. Offering immense potential in computational mechanics, where the simulation of complex mechanical systems is often challenging,

Much of the hype about AI exploits the fact that human cognition, language, and categorization rely on imaginative scaffolding. Some degree of metaphor and conceptual borrowing should not be seen as a methodological failure. Law does not meet AI as a blank slate. It reaches for metaphors and other imaginative patterns that make the unfamiliar legible, channeling attention toward certain features a