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This study focuses on the trends and the causes of variation in actual evapotranspiration (AET) around the warming hiatus over China by a comprehensive analysis applying various temporal–spatial methods. It is observed that the annual AET showed a different trend around 2000 for China as a whole. By employing segmented regression analysis for detecting warming hiatus points, high temporal inconsis

Background: Previous studies have suggested that targeting the site of latest mechanical activation of the left ventricle (LV) results in improved cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) outcomes. It is not known whether these benefits are sustained over medium-term follow-up. Objective: To assess the clinical outcome of imaging-guided LV lead position. Methods: We sought to assess the medium-term

The aim was to investigate associations between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and mortality, and associations between desire to increase LTPA and mortality within the low LTPA group. A public health survey questionnaire was sent in 2008 to a stratified random sample of the population aged 18-80 in southernmost Sweden, yielding a 54.1% response rate. Baseline 2008 survey data with 25,464 re

Remediation of soil contaminated with cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) is critical for tobacco production. Silicon (Si) fertilizer can relieve heavy metal stress and promote plant growth, however, it remains unknown whether fertilization with Si can mitigate the effects of Cd and Pb on tobacco growth and alter microbial community composition in polluted soils. Here we assessed the effect of two organic

Introduction: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is an established treatment option for early breast cancer, potentially downstaging the tumor and increasing the eligibility for breast-conserving surgery (BCS). The primary aim of this study was to assess the rate of BCS after NAC, and the secondary aim was to identify predictors of application of BCS after NAC. Materials and methods: This was an obser

BACKGROUND: GH therapy in adult patients with GH deficiency (GHD) was approved over 10 yr ago, and the indication has subsequently gained broad acceptance. The HypoCCS surveillance database is a suitable means to examine the evolution of diagnostic patterns since 1996.METHODS: Baseline demographics, reported cause of GHD, and diagnostic tests were available from 5893 GH-treated patients. Trends fo

Translating machine learning research into clinical practice has several challenges. In this paper, we identify some critical issues in translating research to clinical practice in the context of medical image segmentation and propose strategies to systematically address these challenges. Specifically, we focus on cases where the model yields erroneous segmentation, which we define as corner cases

Background: Estimating excess mortality and years of life lost (YLL) attributed to coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infection provides a comprehensive picture of the mortality burden on society. We aimed to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on age- and sex-specific excess mortality and YLL in Sweden during the first 17 months of the pandemic. Methods: In this population-based observati

Background: Registries are important in rare disease research. The Anorectal Malformation Network (ARM-Net) registry is a well-established European patient registry collecting demographic, clinical, and functional outcome data. We assessed the quality of this registry through review of the structure, data elements, collected data, and user experience. Material and methods: Design and data elements

Background: Benign peripheral nerve tumours consist of different types, most commonly Schwannomas. Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is commonly performed before surgery and Pathoanatomical Diagnosis (PAD) confirms the diagnosis. Our aims were to study the utility of MRI and the relation between tumour size and symptoms. Methods: Retrospectively, patients, surgically treated for benign

Background: Previous studies on hospital-acquired influenza (HAI) have not systematically evaluated the possible impact of different influenza subtypes. HAI has historically been associated with high mortality, but clinical consequences may be less severe in a modern hospital setting. Aims: To identify and quantify HAI for each season, investigate possible associations with varying influenza subty

Background: Measurements of local tissue water and circumferences are methods to evaluate lymphedema. Knowledge about reference values and reproducibility needs, however, to be determined for the head and neck (HN) area of healthy persons before it can be used in persons with HN lymphedema. The objective of this study was to evaluate the test-retest reliability including measurement errors of loca

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: While alcohol consumption is associated with common risk factors for diastolic dysfunction the independent impact of low levels of alcohol consumption on this condition in a community setting is still unclear.Thus, the aim of this study was to explore this association in a representative population sample employing optimal echocardiographic techniques.DESIGN: Cross-secti

Background: Sepsis is common in the intensive care unit (ICU). Two of the ICU’s most widely used mortality prediction models are the Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (SAPS-3) and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. We aimed to assess the mortality prediction performance of SAPS-3 and SOFA upon ICU admission for sepsis and find a simpler mortality prediction model for these pat

Purpose – This study aims to enable robotic friction stir welding (FSW) in practice. The use of robots has hitherto been limited, because of the large contact forces necessary for FSW. These forces are detrimental for the position accuracy of the robot. In this context, it is not sufficient to rely on the robot’s internal sensors for positioning. This paper describes and evaluates a new method for

Objective: Meniscal calcifications are associated with the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis (OA). We propose a micro-computed tomography (μCT) based 3D analysis of meniscal calcifications ex vivo, including a new grading system. Method: Human medial and lateral menisci were obtained from 10 patients having total knee replacement for medial compartment OA and 10 deceased donors without knee OA (