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Plant communities of set-aside agricultural land in a European project were managed in order to enhance plant succession towards weed-resistant, mid-successional grassland. Here, we ask if the management of a plant community affects the earthworm community. Field experiments were established in four countries, the Netherlands, Sweden, the UK, and the Czech Republic. High (15 plant species) and low
Background: Studies of individuals with non-cancer-related chronic pain, find that higher levels of psychological flexibility (PF) are associated with less distress, better functioning, and a better response to treatment. People diagnosed with cancer are at significantly increased risk of developing chronic cancer-related pain, the presence of which is associated with poorer health outcomes. Littl
Air pollution is an environmental factor associated with an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, characterized by decreased cognitive abilities and memory. The limited models of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease fail to replicate all pathological hallmarks of the disease, making it challenging to uncover potential environmental causes. Environmentally drive
Major political events become a dominant topic of the discussions in the countries involved, and various actors, often other than political parties, take a stance towards them. The withdrawal of the UK from the European Union as a result of the 2016 UK referendum was one of those, and a quite polarised atmosphere from supporters of both sides was observed in the UK and the rest of Europe since the
Carotid sinus massage (CSM) as integral part of cardiovascular autonomic testing, is indicated in all patients > 40 years with syncope of unknown origin and suspected reflex mechanism. However, large practice variation exists in performing CSM which inevitably affects the positivity rate of the test and may result in an inaccurate diagnosis in patients with unexplained syncope. Even though CSM was
Objective: As a result of conflicting, inadequate or controversial data in the literature, several issues concerning the management of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) remain unanswered. The aim of this international, expert-based Delphi consensus document was to provide some guidance for clinicians on these controversial topics. Methods: A three-round Delphi consensus document was
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a critical role in the immune response against pathogens. Its high polymorphism is thought to be mainly the consequence of host-pathogen co-evolution, but elucidating the mechanism(s) driving MHC evolution remains challenging for natural populations. We investigated the diversity of MHC class II genes in a wild population of pied flycatchers Ficedul
This study investigated the applicability of mixture experimental design-based modeling approach to analyze insecticidal activity of thyme essential oils, particularly focusing on the synergistic interaction of their major constituents against Musca domestica. Chemical compositions of twelve commercially available thyme oils were analyzed using GC-MS, revealing their major constituents to be α-pin
Climate change and escalating human pressures erode the resilience of global forests, putting biodiversity, carbon storage, and societal well-being at risk. Fragmented, single-sector responses cannot keep pace with the speed or complexity of these threats. By synthesizing insights from resilience theory and global practices across ecological, social, and institutional dimensions, we propose 10 mut
The web is a constantly growing medium that presumably plays an increasing role in public library reference services. In order to provide high quality reference service the librarians need to be able to master this medium. Therefore it is interesting to get an understanding of how librarians actually use the web. The aim of this Master s thesis is to investigate what web search tools are used by p
Embryo implantation involves a sterile inflammatory reaction that is required for the invasion of the blastocyst into the decidua. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released from stressed or injured cells acts as an important signaling molecule to regulate many key physiological events, including sterile inflammation. We found that the amount of ATP in the uterine luminal fluid of mice increased during
Introduction: Anxiety disorders are common and debilitating in children and adolescents. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), delivered both in-person and by the internet (ICBT), is efficacious, but access for young individuals is limited and it remains unclear how to structure the care pathway to maximize benefit.Methods: To inform a fully powered randomized controlled trial (RCT), a pilot RCT wil
The SARS-CoV-2 virus that led to COVID-19 is associated with significant and long-lasting neurologic symptoms in many patients, with an increased mortality risk for people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and/or Down syndrome (DS). However, few studies have evaluated the neuropathological and inflammatory sequelae in postmortem brain tissue obtained from AD and people with DS with severe SARS-CoV-2 i
Obesity is considered by many as a lifestyle choice rather than a chronic progressive disease. The Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) SOPHIA (Stratification of Obesity Phenotypes to Optimize Future Obesity Therapy) project is part of a momentum shift aiming to provide better tools for the stratification of people with obesity according to disease risk and treatment response. One of the challeng
The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) is a dual-hemisphere, near-infrared (NIR), spectroscopic survey with the goal of producing a chemodynamical mapping of the Milky Way. The targeting for APOGEE-2 is complex and has evolved with time. In this paper, we present the updates and additions to the initial targeting strategy for APOGEE-2N presented in Zasowski et al.
Dendritic cells (DCs) with capacity of antigen cross-presentation are of key interest for immunotherapy against cancer as they can induce antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. This study describes frequencies of DC subtypes in human tonsils and lymph nodes, and phenotypic aspects that may be targeted by adjuvant measures. From human tonsils and neck lymph nodes, DCs were identif
Excessive tissue deformation near cartilage lesions and acute inflammation within the knee joint after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture and reconstruction surgery accelerate the loss of fixed charge density (FCD) and subsequent cartilage tissue degeneration. Here, we show how biomechanical and biochemical degradation pathways can predict FCD loss using a patient-specific finite element mod
Purpose: Vocabulary relates to overall language proficiency and is important for academic success. Word definition (WD) tasks can be used to assess vocabulary depth and definition skills. We investigate monolingual and bilingual children's performances on a WD task, and how bilingualism, level of parental education, school characteristics (proportion of students with Swedish as second language and
Background: There is an increasing interest in the potential health benefits of positive psychological states, especially with regard to cardiovascular health. Life satisfaction is thought to be a constituent component of psychological well-being; however, among the few previous studies that have investigated its associations with early stages of the cardiovascular disease process, only one small
Wildfires are a significant safety risk to populations adjacent to wildland areas, known as the wildland-urban interface (WUI). This paper introduces a modelling platform called WUI-NITY. The platform is built on the Unity3D game engine and simulates and visualises human behaviour and wildfire spread during an evacuation of WUI communities. The purpose of this platform is to enhance the situationa
