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Crystal Phase Quantum Dots (CPQDs) offer promising properties for quantum communication. How CPQDs can be formed in Au-catalyzed GaAs nanowires using different precursor flows and temperatures by in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM) experiments is studied. A III-V gas supply system controls the precursor flow and custom-built micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) chips wi

Accessible housing plays a crucial role in supporting aging in place, yet Japan lacks adequate tools for assessing housing accessibility among older adults. This study describes the process of translating and adapting the environmental component checklist of the Swedish Housing Enabler instrument for valid use in Japan. During translation to the Japanese language, technical terms and specification

Dynamic processes in catalysis are gaining increased attention and could very well be one of the next frontiers in surface science. One way to study such processes is to induce chemical changes on the surface for example by periodically adjusting the (electro)chemical potential in situ and identify the resulting spectral changes. Often this is referred to as Modulation Excitation Spectroscopy (MES

We have previously proposed and evaluated acoustophoresis for the enrichment of circulating tumor cells (CTC) and clusters thereof from the blood of patients with prostate cancer [1]. In that protocol, the cells were fixed and preserved in paraformaldehyde before processing and were thus non-viable. To enable future enrichment of also viable CTCs from patients, we have in this study investigated t

We recently introduced the concept of thermoacoustic streaming in microchannels wherein a thermal field is generated inside an acoustic cavity. The result is a fast and controllable streaming for which the thermal energy is provided either by an LED light source [1], or a laser [2]. While in previous works we have measured this effect at steady state, we now present measurements of the build-up an

By combining acoustic fields and liquid flows in microchannels we develop tools to chart and separatebiological particles based on their bio-mechanical properties. I will present an overview of three ongoingprojects where acoustic forces are utilized to separate blood cells.We studied the packing behavior of whole blood in a sound field. We discovered that cells self-organizesuch that red blood cells

Objective To estimate the prevalence of the curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis and Treponema pallidum, to identify associated risk factors and to assess ciprofloxacin resistance in N. gonorrhoeae-positive specimens among female sex workers (FSWs) in Guinea-Bissau. Methods For this cross-sectional

Solar-driven photocatalytic green hydrogen (H2) evolution reaction presents a promising route toward solar-to-chemical fuel conversion. However, its efficiency has been hindered by the desynchronization of fast photogenerated charge carriers and slow surface reaction kinetics. This work introduces a paradigm shift in photocatalyst design by focusing on the synchronization of charge transport and s

Direct thermal-to-electric energy converters typically operate in the linear regime, where the ratio of actual maximum power relative to the ideal maximum power, the so-called fill factor (FF), is 0.25. Here, we show, based on fundamental symmetry considerations, that the leading order nonlinear terms that can increase the FF require devices with broken spatial symmetry. Studying nonlinear, thermo

BACKGROUND: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been associated with impaired antibody levels after childhood vaccinations and immunosuppressive effects in animals. However, the in vivo effects of PFAS on antigen specific human T cell responses have not been investigated in adults. In Ronneby, Sweden, the drinking water of one of the water works was previously highly contaminated with primarily

Extracellular plaques in Alzheimer’s disease contain Aβ peptides and ganglioside lipids such as GM1. Aβ monomers self-assemble into beta-sheet-rich fibrils when their concentration exceeds solubility, while GM1 monomers form spherical micelles above their critical concentration. This study examines the self-assembly of Aβ in the first two papers and its co-assembly with GM1 in the last two. In Pap

The band offsets of semiconductor heterojunctions are critical parameters for the design of electronic and optoelectronic devices. In this work, we report the fabrication of a Co3O4/3C-SiC p-n heterojunction and the determination of the conduction band and valence band offsets at the Co3O4/3C-SiC heterojunction. Our results reveal that the Co3O4/3C-SiC p-n heterojunction exhibits a type-II band al

Newts have large genomes harboring many repeat elements. How these elements shape the genome and relate to newts' unique regeneration ability remains unknown. We present here the chromosome-scale assembly of the 20.3 Gb genome of the Iberian ribbed newt, Pleurodeles waltl, with a hitherto unprecedented contiguity and completeness among giant genomes. Utilizing this assembly, we demonstrate conserv

Accumulating evidence shows that immune cells play an important role in atherosclerosis. Most attention has focused on the role of different T cell subsets, whereas the possible involvement of B cells has been less studied. In this study, we assessed the association of 2 different B cell subsets, CD19(+)CD40(+) and CD19(+)CD86(+) B cells, with risk for development of acute cardiovascular events.

Mutations in the CFTR gene result in impaired host defense during cystic fibrosis (CF), where Pseudomonas aeruginosa becomes a key pathogen. We investigated the expression pattern of the antibacterial growth factor midkine in CF and possible interference with its activity by the altered airway microenvironment. High midkine expression was found in CF lung tissue compared with controls, involving e

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status in breast cancer is routinely determined through immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or in situ hybridisation (ISH) performed on whole tissue sections (WS). The purpose was to evaluate whether a gene protein assay (GPA) combining IHC with ISH, performed on breast cancer tissue microarray (TMA), is suitable for large-scale retrospective HER2 status

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of death in industrialized countries. One underlying cause is atherosclerosis, which is a systemic disease characterized by plaques of retained lipids, inflammatory cells, apoptotic cells, calcium and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the arterial wall. The biologic composition of an atherosclerotic plaque determines whether the plaque is

Background: One of the most serious secondary manifestations of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is coronary atherosclerosis. This study aimed to evaluate whether aged garlic extract (AGE) can influence coronary artery calcification (CAC) and to predict the individual effect of AGE using a standard process for data mining (CRISP-DM). Method: This was a single-center parallel randomized controlled stud

Background: As tumors maintain an inflammatory microenvironment, anti-inflammatory medication can be useful in cancer therapy. We have previously shown an association with improved survival in melanoma for use of the H1-antihistamines desloratadine and loratadine, and here we examine use of H1-antihistamines and breast cancer mortality.Material and methods: We investigated use of the six major H1-

Metformin is the first-line pharmacotherapy for managing type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, many patients with T2D do not respond to or tolerate metformin well. Currently, there are no phenotypes that successfully predict glycemic response to, or tolerance of, metformin. We explored whether blood-based epigenetic markers could discriminate metformin response and tolerance by analyzing genome-wide DNA