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We demonstrate the use of Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopic (LSFM) imaging for viewing the dynamic of atomizing sprays with high contrast and resolution. The technique presents several advantages: first liquid fluorescence gives a more faithful representation of the structure of liquid bodies, droplets and ligaments than Mie scattering does. The reason for this is that the signal is emitted by
The potential for using germline genome editing (GGE) in humans has garnered a lot of attention, both for its scientific possibilities as well as for the ethical, legal, and social challenges it ignites. The ethical debate has focused primarily on the suggestions of using GGE to establish a pregnancy (i.e., to offer it in a clinical setting), which is, to date, illegal in many jurisdictions. The u
Humans are characterized by an unusual level of prosociality. Despite this, considerable indirect evidence suggests that biological kinship plays an important role in altruistic behaviour. All previous reports of the influence of kin selection on human altruism have, however, used correlational (rather than experimental) designs, or imposed only a hypothetical or negligible time cost on participan
Drugs acting on the central nervous system (CNS) and given to a pregnant woman during the latter part of pregnancy may affect neonatal morbidity of the infant. Little is known on the combined effects of different categories of such drugs. The redeeming of prescriptions for CNS-active drugs during the second or third trimester of pregnancy was studied by linkage between a register of prescribed dru
Many insects perceive the E-vector orientation of polarized skylight and use it for compass navigation. In locusts, polarized light is detected by photoreceptors of the dorsal rim area of the eye. Polarized light signals from both eyes are integrated in the central complex (CC), a group of neuropils in the center of the brain. Thirteen types of CC neuron are sensitive to dorsally presented, polari
Popular Abstract in Swedish I avhandlingen studeras plasminogenaktiverings-systemets (PA-systemets) komponenter i livmoderslemhinnan. PA-systemet reglerar omvandlingen av plasminogen till plasmin. Plasminogen är ett inaktivt enzym som finns överallt i kroppsvätskor samt i kroppens olika organ. Aktiveringen katalyseras av aktivatorer, antingen urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) eller tissue plasThe release of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) from endometrial stromal cells decreased after progesterone stimulation, due to upregulation of PA inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and uPA receptor (uPAR). Subsequently, the uPA:PAI-1 complex was internalized and degraded via uPAR. Predecidual cells in the late secretory phase expressed PAI-1 and uPAR, supporting a specific role for predecidual cells in the
Objective . Hypoglycaemia is regularly accompanied by hypovolaemia. To suggest a mechanism for this phenomenon, we reviewed data from eight studies conducted by our group and examined the circumstances under which rebound hypoglycaemia develops after intravenous infusion of glucose solutions. Material and methods. Forty healthy volunteers and 40 patients received a total of 122 infusions of glucos
Aims: To assess changes in access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) between the end of 2002 and the end of 2005, and to review the capacity for further HAART scale-up in the then 52 Member States of the WHO European Region. Methods: Analysis of data from four surveys evaluating access to HAART, supplemented by regional estimates of the number of people receiving HAART. Changes in acc
HLA DR4-DQ8 and DR3-DQ2 haplotypes account for 89% of newly diagnosed cases of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Sweden. The presence of a single copy of DQ6 confers protection. The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether the risk conferred by high risk HLA DR and DQ to T1D is similar in all regions of Sweden and see whether there are any significant regional differences. The subjects comprised 799
Sterols are a class of membrane-reinforcing, ringed lipids which have a long history of examination in algae as a means of deriving chemotaxonomic relationships and as potential lipidic biomarkers. The Raphidophyceae represent a class of harmful, bloom-forming, marine and freshwater algae. To date, there have been four published examinations of their sterol composition, focusing primarily on brown
Strandberg R., Hake M., Klaassen R.H.G. & Alerstam T. 2012. Movements of immature European Honey Buzzards Pernis apivorus in tropical Africa. Ardea 100: 157-162. Immature European Honey Buzzards Pernis apivorus are believed to remain in tropical Africa during the first years of their lives. We studied their movements during this period with the aid of satellite telemetry. After crossing the Sa
We have investigated the structure of a microbial community in semi-natural sandy grassland in southeast Sweden. The sand is rich in lime, but in most places the soil is decalcified in the upper layers, and therefore this site shows a large variation in pH within short distances. We collected samples at three different soil depths (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm) and found the pH to range from 5 t
PURPOSE: In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in flattening-filter free (FFF) beams. However, since the removal of the flattening filter will affect both the mean and the variance of the energy spectrum, current beam-quality specifiers may not be adequate for reference dosimetry in such beams. The purpose of this work was to investigate an alternative, more general beam-quality s
This paper reports the characteristics and performance of a Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (TOF-MS) for coincidence measurements between electrons and ions that has been developed jointly in Sweden and Brazil. The spectrometer, used for studies of inner-shell photoexcitation of molecules in the gas-phase, has been optimized by implementing ion and electron lenses to allow the use of relatively s
This paper presents a structured methodology for the constrained multi-objective optimization (MO) of a continuous cross-flow atomic layer deposition (ALD) reactor model with temporal precursor pulsing. The process model has been elaborated and experimentally validated in the first two papers of this series (33 and 34). A general constrained MO problem (MOP) was formulated to simultaneously optimi
Many commercial dye preparations are cocktails of active dyes and various by-products that are recalcitrant to biological degradation and end up in significant amounts in the effluent after the dyeing process. Conventional wastewater treatment processes are not able to degrade such compounds and detoxify the effluent, thus alternative treatments should be developed. In our work we suggest to use p
The Palaeocene arctic supported a vegetation type quite distinct from the tundra and polar desert of today. Here we demonstrate, through the palynological record, the structure of this extinct vegetation and its dynamics over this period. The Late Palaeocene coal-bearing units of the Sagwon Bluffs on Alaska's North Slope (present latitude 69 degrees N) are predominantly fine-grained, non-marine an
Popular Abstract in Swedish Blodförgiftning är en spridd och svår infektion och har en hög dödlighet. Skador på blodkärlen är en viktig del i sjukdomsutvecklingen. Glykosaminoglykaner (GAG) är negativt laddade kolhydrater som bland annat förekommer på blodkärlens insida och här utgör gränsskiktet mot blodbanan. På denna plats är GAG betydelsefullt för blodkärlens blodproppshämmande effekt, för traThe endothelial glycocalyx is the carbohydrate rich inner layer of the blood vessels. Important components of the glycocalyx are the proteoglycans with their attached glycosaminoglycans. At this location these molecules contribute to the adhesion and transport of leucocytes to inflamed tissue, the anticoagulation as well as the transport of fluid across the vessel wall. All these functions are dis
Submerged breakwaters (SBWs) are becoming a popular option for coastal protection, mainly due to their low aesthetic impact on the natural environment. However, SBWs have rarely been employed for coastal protection in the past and therefore, their efficacy remains largely unknown. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the structural and environmental conditions that govern the
BackgroundDimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is essential for the preservation of liquid nitrogen-frozen stem cells, but is associated with toxicity in the transplant recipient. Study Design and MethodsIn this prospective noninterventional study, we describe the use of DMSO in 64 European Blood and Marrow Transplant Group centers undertaking autologous transplantation on patients with myeloma and lymphoma
