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Declines in European bird populations are reported for decades but the direct effect of major anthropogenic pressures on such declines remains unquantified. Causal relationships between pressures and bird population responses are difficult to identify as pressures interact at different spatial scales and responses vary among species. Here, we uncover direct relationships between population time-se
Molluscan benthic assemblages provide unique opportunities for understanding both spatial and temporal patterns of biodiversity. Species richness in the shell remains found at a site (i.e. the death assemblage) is typically several times higher than in the counterpart living assemblage, reflecting a complex history of settlement, dissemination and decomposition post-mortem. We used high-density te
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related chronic neurological disorder, mainly characterized by the pathological feature of α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation, with the exact disease pathogenesis unclear. During the onset and progression of PD, synaptic dysfunction, including dysregulation of axonal transport, impaired exocytosis, and endocytosis are identified as crucial events of PD pathogenesis.
Background: Interactions between moss species in their earliest growth stages have received little attention. To what extent interspecific competition or priority effects influence spore germination, protonemal development and gametophore emergence is unknown. We evaluated such effects in pairwise interaction between six common bryophyte species: Atrichum undulatum, Bryum argenteum, Ceratodon pur
Paleogenomics continues to yield valuable insights into the evolution, population dynamics, and ecology of our ancestors and other extinct species. However, DNA sequencing cannot reveal tissue-specific gene expression, cellular identity, or gene regulation, which are only attainable at the transcriptional level. Pioneering studies have shown that useful RNA can be extracted from ancient specimens
IMPORTANCE AND AIMS: Diabetic microvascular complications significantly impact morbidity and mortality. This review focuses on machine learning/artificial intelligence (ML/AI) in predicting diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and diabetic neuropathy (DN).METHODS: A comprehensive PubMed search from 1990 to 2023 identified studies on ML/AI models for diabetic microvascular comp
Purpose: Co-morbidities are common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to explore the prevalence of several comorbid conditions in severe COPD, and to investigate and compare their associations with long-term mortality. Methods: In May 2011 to March 2012, 241 patients with COPD stage 3 or 4 were
The high-prevalence blood group antigen, Sda, had been puzzling blood bankers and transfusionists for at least a decade when it was reported in 1967. The characteristic mix of agglutinates and free red blood cells (RBCs), caused by anti-Sda, is seen with the RBCs from 90 percent of individuals of European descent. However, only 2-4 percent of individuals are truly Sd(a-) and may produce anti-Sda.
Background:Non-motor symptoms (NMS) reduce quality of life in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, who experience three times more NMS than individuals without PD. While there are international and national NMS treatment guidelines, their implication in clinical practice remains unclear.Objective:This study aimed to investigate the adherence to pharmacological NMS treatment guidelines in patients wi
Making music with digital tools might be considered common knowledge in music education. However, there are vast numbers of music teachers who feel insecure when it comes to actually using it as a prominent tool for music making in their classrooms. The objective of this workshop is to show how students of different ages together with their music teachers create, produce and perform music by EDI.
Teachers in the aesthetic program in upper secondary school in Sweden have identified that there are great opportunities and challenges in teaching and working with students who have EDI as their main instrument. From a student perspective it has relevance to being part of meaningful music education developing their musical identity. Students playing EDI can explore an array of electronical musica
The respiratory tract deposited fraction (DF) is the link between exposure and health effects of airborne particles. Here, we investigate how breathing pattern alterations at increasing physical activity affect DF in different regions of the respiratory tract and compare DF between adults and children (5 and 10 years old). We performed a literature review on the alteration of tidal volume with min
Background The National Comprehensive Cancer Network and American Urological Association guidelines on early detection of prostate cancer recommend biopsy on the basis of high prostate-specific antigen (PSA) velocity, even in the absence of other indications such as an elevated PSA or a positive digital rectal exam (DRE). Methods To evaluate the current guideline, we compared the area under the cu
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been the main drive for early detection of prostate cancer (PCa), including in population-based screening as in the European Randomised Study for Screening of Prostate Cancer (ERSPC). The specificity of PSA to indicate men with biopsy detectable prostate cancer can be improved by adding information obtained by new biomarkers, such as PSA isoforms. This improveme
BACKGROUND: National quality registries (NQRs) provide open data for user-directed acquisition. National Quality Registry (NQR) data are often used to analyze the rates of treatment success and adverse events for studies that aim to improve treatment quality and patient satisfaction. Thus, NQRs promote the goal of achieving evidence-based therapies. However, the scientific literature seldom focuse
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective and safe for adults with severe depression, but less studied in adolescents. Here, we examined the indications, prevalence, practice, response and remission rates, and side effects in young people treated with ECT in Sweden. We also examined the usage of ECT in the transition to adult psychiatry. Using data from national patient registers and the Swedis
Two commonly used instruments to assess muscle strength after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction are the isokinetic dynamometer, which measures isokinetic torque and the hand-held dynamometer, which measures isometric torque. Isokinetic dynamometers are considered superior to other instruments but may not be commonly used in clinical settings. Hand-held dynamometers are small, portable, and
Objective: To explore quality of maternal and newborn care (QMNC) in healthcare facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland. Methods: Women giving birth in Switzerland answered a validated online questionnaire including 40 WHO standards-based quality measures. QMNC score was calculated according to linguistic region and mode of birth. Differences were assessed using logistic regression
