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This study analyses explore to the paths of constructing and strengthening of civil society organizations and their activities in Gilgit-Baltistan, the Northern Areas of Pakistan. The focus is on the activities of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) since the 1980s. A conceptual framework of civil society and NGO activities and nexus is developed. The empirical analysis is based on NGO documents

Digital watermarking is done by adding a piece of data to a signal, which depending on the target media type, may be a picture, audio or video signal. The purpose of this additional signal is to provide a consistent signature linked to the original source which then remains through the act of copying. This allows the author to obstruct the act of theft by adding this signal to his or her creation.

This study is focusing on Swedish foreign policy making, and analyzes the military participation of Swedish forces in Afghanistan. Sweden is part of ISAF, and has been in Afghanistan for more than a decade. The question is, what international and domestic factors are the reasons why the Swedish government keeps sending more troops? The study is using the Foreign Policy Analysis (FPA) as the theore

This Sociology of Law thesis looks at the negotiation process that took place within the Special Working Group on the Crime of Aggression between 2004 and 2009 and which led to the creation of article 15bis of the Rome Statute. The article sets out the rules regarding the International Criminal Court’s jurisdiction over crime of aggression cases, referred to it by States or initiated by the Prosec

In the present article we explore when, where, and how Swedish sexual minority women experience minority stress and microaggression. Drawing on deductive thematic analysis of forty-eight interviews, we show that minority stress and microaggressions were experienced in a wide range of everyday life areas. Exposure was described in the forms of physical violence, threats and verbal abuse, ignorance

Event-based control is a promising concept for the design of resource-efficient feedback systems, where events such as sampling, actuation, and data transmissions are triggered reactively based on monitored control performance rather than a periodic timer. In this thesis, we investigate how sampling and communication events should be triggered to fully exploit the potential of event-based control

Recent studies document a 30-year decline in various measures of entrepreneurship in the U.S. Using detailed Swedish employer-employee data over the period from 1990 to 2013, we find young firms to be more prominent in the Swedish business sector than in the U.S. business sector. Young Swedish firms, aged five years or less, account for more than half of all firms during this period. We also obser

During the last 10 years, the mobile phone and the emergence of websites, such as Youtube, which facilitate user-generated content, have enabled an explosion of pictures and video clips posted on the internet by civilians documenting the activities of authority figures. This “sousveillance” is a kind of inverse surveillance, reciprocal to surveillance, where members of the grassroots monitor those

This thesis presents a closer look into the application of the Merger Regulation on various transactions concerning the concentration of undertakings, and it begins with an analysis of the legislative winds of change leading up to its adoption, followed by a closer assessment of some of the results of the reform with relevance to the basic theme of the thesis, namely efficiencies. Furthermore, the

The Mesopotamian Marshlands form one of the first landscapes where people started to transform and manipulate the natural environment in order to sustain human habitation. For thousands of years people transformed natural ecosystems into agricultural fields, residential clusters and other agglomerated environments to sustain long term settlement. Moreover, the Mesopotamian Marshlands, located in o

För erhållande av flyktingstatus krävs det att den sökandes skyddsbehov kan hänföras till någon av de skyddsgrundande egenskaperna i flyktingdefinitionen. Om den sökande har en välgrundad fruktan för förföljelse av en annan anledning är hen alltså inte flykting. Då den sökande anför ett skyddsbehov sur place på grund av konversion fokuseras bedömningen på om den sökandes skyddsbehov är hänförligt

This paper examines the relationship between ultra-low interest rates and the amount of zombie firms using panel data for Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Finland over the period 2007-2020 in a multivariable regression model. Specifically, the questions addressed are: is there a relationship between the interest rate and the amount of zombie firms? Could it be concluded that the amount of zombie firms