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Trade costs and sunk export costs play a crucial role in defining trade flows between countries and, directly, affect firms’ strategic decisions in terms of international expansion. Trade costs include all the costs attached to a delivery of good to a final user and, thus, incorporate transportation costs, policy barriers, information costs, contract costs and currency costs. Sunk costs include co
Background: Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is simple to cottect and as such a non-invasive method that has attracted substantial interest in the last few years. However, several methodological concerns have been raised and it has been difficult to reproduce results between different centres. Because of low concentrations of inflammatory markers, potential loss in the sampling system may have grea
Popular Abstract in Swedish 1100-talet var en mycket dynamisk och händelserik tid i dansk historia. Under detta århundrade ägde en rad samhällsförändringar rum som kom att påverka de allra flesta. På landsbygden samlades bebyggelsen i byar samtidigt som jordbruket rationaliserades och naturresurserna utnyttjades mer storskaligt. I städerna utvecklades penningekonomin och en mångfacetterad varuprodThe Early Middle Ages, comprising the period ca. 1000-1250, is usually described as a dynamic and eventful time, when many spheres of society underwent radical changes. The aim of this dissertation is to link these processes together in an overall holistic description of medieval society. The intention is thus to provide a "total historical" account of early medieval Denmark by means of a broad in
Invasive species can displace natives, and thus identifying the traits that make aliens successful is crucial for predicting and preventing biodiversity loss. Pathogens may play an important role in the invasive process, facilitating colonization of their hosts in new continents and islands. According to the Novel Weapon Hypothesis, colonizers may out-compete local native species by bringing with
This study investigated the effect of glow discharge treatment of titania surfaces on plasma protein adsorption, by means of ellipsometry and mechanically assisted SDS elution. The adsorption and film elution of three plasma proteins, viz. human serum albumin (HSA), human immunoglobulin G (IgG) and laminin-1, as well as competitive adsorption from a mixture of the three proteins, showed that the a
* This workshop’s long term goal is to foster a community of Information Systems researchers and practitioners who are interested in the socio-technical perspective and see it as an important approach to improve the quality and reduce the costs of the information systems that have become an essential part of our lives in this 21st century. All communities need meeting places where they can discuss
The very young Wabar craters formed by impact of an iron meteorite and are known to the scientific community since 1933. We describe field observations made during a visit to the Wabar impact site, provide analytical data on the material collected, and combine these data with poorly known information discovered during the recovery of the largest meteorites. During our visit in March 2008, only two
Objectives: In industry-generated pivotal studies, lamotrigine has been found to be superior to placebo and comparable to lithium in the maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder. Here, we directly compared lamotrigine to lithium under conditions similar to clinical routine conditions. Methods: Adult bipolar I disorder patients with at least two episodes within the last five years and an index e
Competitiveness of city regions has gained a more and more central position in regional development and regional planning within the last decades. A reason for this is that globalisation has caused pressure on industrial structures forcing firms to increase their competitiveness by more actively promoting innovation and knowledge creation. Access to knowledge has therefore become vital for most ty
Value added tax (VAT) is a key part of the fiscal revenue of many countries. Yet this broad-based tax on consumer spending exempts financial services. This seems puzzling to many, particularly given the significance of that sector and the size of its value-added in today's world economy. The fact that the European Commission is currently reviewing the tax treatment of financial activities in the E
Delamination and spallation of thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems, used in hot parts of gas turbines, have been studied with respect to thermal fatigue. TBCs with and without pre-existing cracks were investigated. Thermal shock tests were performed until coating spallation. The experimental results revealed that the cracks primarily responsible for spallation grew horizontally, close to the int
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling handlar om de kvantmekaniska effekter som kan uppstå då man dopar extremt små halvledarstrukturer, och det inflytande detta kan ha på de elektroniska och optiska egenskaperna. Mottot för elektronikindustrin är "mindre, snabbare och billigare". Om man fortsätter göra komponenterna som bygger upp datorer och andra apparater mindre och mindre, hamnar man This thesis deals with the properties of donors placed inside or outside a heterostructure quantum well (QW). The focus of the investigation has been on the formation of resonant states, which are a hybridization of the discrete localized impurity levels and the continuous two-dimensional QW subbands. The impact of such states on the optical properties and the noise spectrum have been investigated
Augustenborg storm water system has become well known for its incorporation of urban green spaces. Open storm water system was developed in late 1990s by disconnecting impervious surfaces from combined sewers as a result of flooding problem in the basements after heavy rain events. The open storm water management system consists of open channels and ponds, a small wetland, green infiltration areas
Hälften av Afrikas befolkning - mer än 300 miljoner människor - hotas idag av markförstöring och ökenspridning. De flesta forskare är överens om att markförstöring orsakas av mänsklig aktivitet som avsiktligt eller oavsiktligt rubbar balansen i redan känsliga ekosystem. Namibia det torraste landet söder om Sahara, vilket följaktligen gjort att landet är mycket utsatt för ökenspridning och markförsHalf of Africa’s population - more than 300 million people - is threatened by land degradation. In general, land degradation is initiated when people intentionally or accidentally disturb the balance in a already fragile ecosystem. Poor management practices such as overgrazing, puts pressure on land already close to exceed the limits of sustainability. Besides suffering from overgrazing issues, Na
The thesis aims at supplementing a critique of the existing international instruments, regional responses and national legislation of the Arctic related to marine environmental protection. With this aim in view, the thesis satisfies its objective by proposing a Bipartite “Arctic Council” acting as a conglomeration of the Arctic States and the Flag States with a hybrid “Arctic treaty”, which is an
Människohandel i syfte att tigga och stjäla finns i 4 kap. 1a§ BrB. Denna lagstiftning har framförallt kommit till p.g.a. Palermoprotokollet, men det finns även ett EU-direktiv, ett EU-rambeslut och en Europarådets konvention på området. Människohandel i syfte att tigga och stjäla har blivit uppmärksammat de senaste åren, men det har varit svårt att få fällande domar på området. År 2011 ändrades mHuman trafficking for the purpose of begging and stealing you can find in chapter 4 1a § BrB. This legislation has mainly been due to Palermo Protocol, but there is also an EU Directive, an EU Framework Decision and a Council of Europe Convention on the field. Human trafficking for the purpose of begging and stealing has been recognized in recent years, but it has been difficult to get convictions
A tissue proteomics process is presented where hepatocyte cell isolation in combination with two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometric identification were used to annotate the liver proteome. Laser microdissection of 8 m liver tissue sections was performed and protein expression profiling was compared using a variety of quantities of input cells, and gel separation condition
Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is a widely used method for measuring the dielectric constant (K-a) and bulk electrical conductivity (sigma(a)) in soils. The TDR measured sigma(a) and K-a can be used to calculate the soil solution electrical conductivity, sigma(w.) The sigma(w), in turn, can be related to the concentration of an ionic tracer. Several models of the sigma(w)-sigma(a)-K-a relationshi
