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Background: This study determined the pharmacokinetics of the contrast agent gadobutrol in marmosets by quantitative MRI to derive guidelines for neuroimaging protocols. Methods: Local concentrations of gadobutrol were determined from consecutive gradient echo-based mapping of the relaxation rate R1 on a clinical 3T MRI scanner. Half-time of renal elimination was measured after injection of a trip

Energy-intensive processing industries (EPIs) such as iron and steel, aluminum, chemicals, cement, glass, and paper and pulp are responsible for a large share of global greenhouse gas emissions. To meet 2050 emission targets, a transition to low carbon, often radical innovations is required, but this process is going slow. Insights from sociotechnical and innovation systems perspectives are theref

This paper presents a technique to reduce the noise figure of a passive mixer-first receiver front-end. By using lower than 50Ω switch resistance in the current-mode passive mixer and introducing a positive feedback from baseband to the RF-input, it can be well matched close to fLO while achieving a noise figure below 3dB, which is otherwise a fundamental limit. A quadrature front-end prototype fo

From newly obtained high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio spectra the abundances of the elements La and Eu have been determined over the stellar metallicity range -3<[Fe/H]<+0.3 in 159 giant and dwarf stars. Lanthanum is predominantly made by the s-process in the solar system, while Eu owes most of its solar system abundance to the r-process. The changing ratio of these elements in stars ove

Plant (and fungal) mitochondria contain multiple NAD(P)H dehydrogenases in the inner membrane all of which are connected to the respiratory chain via ubiquinone. On the outer surface, facing the intermembrane space and the cytoplasm, NADH and NADPH are oxidized by what is probably a single low-molecular-weight, nonproton-pumping, unspecific rotenone-insensitive NAD(P)H dehydrogenase. Exogenous NAD

The overall aim of this thesis is to develop knowledge of teaching and learning sustainable development in global–local contexts. The research field is global learning for sustainable development (GLSD). Phenomenographic approach and contextual analysis were used as methods of analysis, and data was collected by Semi-structured interviews at secondary and upper secondary schools in Sweden.In Study

The catanionic system didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB)-sodium taurodeoxycholate (STDC)-D2O is characterized by an exceptionally extended L1 region. The comparison of self-diffusion coefficient of the solvent and the DDAB embedded in the micelles provided information about hydration of the aggregates. Moreover, correlating self-diffusion and 14N NMR relaxation measurements new insight could

Rural areas are regaining attention as key resource holders. This includes the attractiveness of intact and traditional cultural elements and heritage which helps to create new opportunities. However, renewal is needed for rural areas to be competitive beyond tourism. Knowledge exchange and transfer is seen as an enabling tool for regeneration and heritage valorization, although it has mostly been

BACKGROUND: In a previous study, we reported an increased prevalence of thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOA) in patients with bipolar disorder. Here we report the prevalence of other organ-specific autoantibodies: H/K adenosine triphosphatase (ATPA), glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65A), and GAD-67 (GAD67A). METHODS: ATPA, GAD65A, and GAD67A were determined (via a commercially available enzyme lin

onthly averages of ecosystem respiration (ER), gross primary production (GPP) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) over Scandinavian forest sites were estimated using regression models driven by air temperature (AT), absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (APAR) and vegetation indices. The models were constructed and evaluated using satellite data from Terra/MODIS and measured data collected at

Several studies have shown excess risk for a number of comorbidities in patients with psoriasis compared with the general population, but data on cause-specific mortality in this patient population are limited. The aim of this study was to estimate the associations of psoriasis and 12 specific causes of death and all-cause mortality in patients with mild and severe psoriasis. The study was based o

The purpose of this study was to develop techniques to quantify the propagation pattern of the electrical activation during atrial fibrillation (AF) along a one-dimensional catheter. Taking intra-atrial signal organization aspects into account, the atrial activations are detected and combined into wavefronts. Parameters describing wavefront consistency and activation order along the catheter are d

This thesis focuses on developing and characterizing novel models for studying osteoclasts with an emphasis on how mutations abolishing osteoclastic acidification affect osteoclast signaling and bone remodeling, as well as how to treat patients bearing these rare mutations. Bone remodeling is under normal circumstances a tightly balanced process where resorption of bone by osteoclasts is followed

A well-ordered surface oxide grown on Fe(110) has been studied using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), low energy electron diffraction, low energy electron microscopy, and core level photoelectron spectroscopy. The iron oxide film exhibits wide terraces and is formed after exposure to 100-1000 L at 1 x 10(-6) mbar O-2 and 400 degrees C. Two domains, mirror symmetric in the Fe(110)-lattice mirro

Islet dysfunction is central to the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Epigenetic modifications are essential for establishing and maintaining cell identity and function in normal circumstances. Exposure to adverse environmental factors may alter the epigenome, and result in changes of gene expression and the resulting phenotype. The aim of this thesis was to analyze DNA methyla

Why in a barren and hot desert, clays can contain a significant fraction of water? Why does concrete crack? How can we demonstrate that complexation of a drug does not alter its conformation in a way that affects its functionality? In this paper we present results on various studies using Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering aimed at clarifying these questions. To allow for a better understanding of n