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OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between marital status and lack of internal health locus of control (HLC), taking economic stress and trust into account. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: The public health survey Skåne 2008 is a postal questionnaire study (55% participation rate). A random sample was invited to participate, and 28,198 individuals aged 18-80 years agre
Quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells are emerging as a promising development of dye-sensitized solar cells, where photostable semiconductor quantum dots replace molecular dyes. Upon photoexcitation of a quantum dot, an electron is transferred to a high-band-gap metal oxide. Swift electron transfer is crucial to ensure a high overall efficiency of the solar cell. Using femtosecond time-resolved spect
Time resolved absorption spectroscopy has been used to study photoinduced electron injection and charge recombination in Zn-porphyrin sensitized nanostructured TiO(2) electrodes. The electron transfer dynamics is correlated to the performance of dye sensitized solar cells based on the same electrodes. We find that the dye/semiconductor binding can be described with a heterogeneous geometry where t
This paper presents RF as well as low-frequency capacitance–voltage (C–V) characterization of vertical wrap-gated InAs/high-κ nanowire MOS capacitors. A full equivalent circuit model for traps is used to fit the low-frequency C–V characteristics, from which the interface trap density (Dit) and border trap density (Nbt) are evaluated separately. The results show comparable Nbt but far lower Dit (<1
The influence of exciton-vibrational coupling on the energy level structure, oscillator strength, and relaxation dynamics is investigated for two different excitonic dimer models. As compared with a purely electronic dimer, the inclusion of local vibrational modes within a vibronic dimer gives rise to a complex energy level structure including avoided crossings and changes of the nature of the exc
Background: Sleep disturbances are common among older people (>65 years). Further, long-term use of sedative-hypnotics in older people is associated with morbidity and mortality. However, older people represent a large span of life years, and few studies have included the oldest-old above 85 years. Aim: To investigate and compare sleep quality, use of hypnotics and sleeping habits in different age
Background: In recent years, research on the association between physical environments and cardiovascular disease outcomes has gained momentum with growing attention being paid to Geographic Information Systems (GIS). This nationwide study is the first to examine the effect of neighbourhood physical environments on individual-level stroke, using GIS-based measures of neighbourhood availability of
Single complex fluorescence polarization spectroscopy is applied to study the peripheral light harvesting antenna (LH2) from photosynthetic purple bacterium Rhodopseudomonas (Rps.) acidophila. The measured two-dimensional excitation-emission polarization plots are used to construct geometric representation for the absorbing B800 and emitting B850 as ellipses. The shape and orientation of the ellip
The few-picosecond (ps) decay of terahertz (THz) photoconductivity typically observed for conjugated polymer:fullerene blends (at excitation fluencies ∼10(15) photons/cm(2) per pulse) is shown to be a result of charge pair annihilation for two polymer:PCBM blends. At a factor of 100 lower excitation density, the THz decay is in the hundreds of ps time scale, implying that very high carrier mobilit
OBJECTIVE: Screening of hypertension has been advocated for early detection and treatment. Severe hypertension (grade 3 hypertension) is a strong predictor for cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to evaluate not only the risk factors for developing severe hypertension, but also the prospective morbidity and mortality risk associated with severe hypertension in a population-based screening and
We have studied the influence of three different fullerene derivatives on the charge generation and recombination dynamics of polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell blends. Charge generation in APFO3/[70]PCBM and APFO3/[60]PCBM is very similar and somewhat slower than charge generation in APFO3/[70]BTPF. This difference qualitatively matches the trend in free energy change of elect
A vibronic exciton model is applied to explain the long-lived oscillatory features in the two-dimensional (2D) electronic spectra of the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) complex. Using experimentally determined parameters and uncorrelated site energy fluctuations, the model predicts oscillations with dephasing times of 1.3 ps at 77 K, which is in a good agreement with the experimental results. These lon
BACKGROUND: In a recent US cohort study, total coffee and tea consumption was inversely associated with risk of glioma, and experimental studies showed that caffeine can slow the invasive growth of glioblastoma. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine the relation between coffee and tea intake and the risk of glioma and meningioma in a large European cohort study, the European Prospective Investig
Cu-seeded epitaxial growth of vertically aligned InP nanowires is reported for the first time. The nanowires were grown at temperatures between 290 and 420 degrees C by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) from particles formed from Cu thin films. In the temperature range of 340-370 degrees C high yields of vertically aligned nanowires could be achieved. The nanowire crystal structure and the
To develop highly efficient molecular photocatalysts for visible light-driven hydrogen production, a thorough understanding of the photophysical and chemical processes in the photocatalyst is of vital importance. In this context, in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopic (XAS) investigations show that the nature of the catalytically active metal center in a (N boolean AND N)MCl2 (M=Pd or Pt) coordina
In joint prosthetic surgery, various methods are used to provide implant stability. We used an injectable bone substitute, composed of calcium sulfate/hydroxyapatite, as bone defect filler to stabilize a tibia prosthesis in an experimental rabbit model. The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the stability of prosthetic fixation with and without the use of an injectable bone substitute
Objective The first 3 months after symptom onset represent an important therapeutic window for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study investigates the extent and causes of delay in assessment of patients with RA in eight European countries. Method Data on the following levels of delay were collected from 10 centres (Berlin, Birmingham, Heraklion, Lund, Prague, Stockholm, Umea, Vienna, Warsaw and Zu
Conjugated polymer/fullerene-based solar cells are, due to their potential flexibility, cost efficiency and low weight, interesting as future alternatives to today’s silicon cells [1]. In these cells, both the dissociation of the polymer exciton into extractable charges, i.e. charges that are free and mobile, and the recombination of the free charges are expected to be crucial in order to obtain h
Coherent dynamics of coupled molecules are effectively characterized by the two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy. Depending on the coupling between electronic and vibrational states, oscillating signals of purely electronic, purely vibrational or mixed character are observed with the help of oscillation maps, constructed from time-resolved spectra. Amplitude of beatings caused by electronic coh
