Search results

Cancer är idag det näst vanligaste dödsorsaken i världen, där 30% av alla cancerfall bland kvinnor är bröstcancer. En vanlig behandling är bröstbevarande operation, där en bit av bröstet kirurgiskt tas bort. Operationer är både dyrt och har en betydande inverkan på kroppen och för vissa kvinnor krävs en omoperation efter den första operationen. Syftet med detta arbete har varit att undersöka möjliCancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and 30% of all cancer cases among women are breast cancer. A popular treatment is breast-conserving surgery, where only a part of the breast is surgically removed. Surgery is expensive and has a significant impact on the body, and on some women, a reoperation is needed. The aim of this thesis was to see if there is a possibility to predict whet

Nature-based solutions (NbS) have proven effective in addressing urban sustainability challenges. This thesis focuses on bridging the gap in NbS short-term interventions, scale, and financial barriers. It examines the instrumentalization and implementation of successful long-term interventions from a policy and urban governance perspective, aiming to inspire cities and identify commonalities. The

Deciphering the genetic basis of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels may improve their utility to screen for prostate cancer (PCa). We thus conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) of PSA levels using genome-wide summary statistics from 95,768 PCa-free men, the MetaXcan framework, and gene prediction models trained in Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project data. Tissue-specifi

Buildings Post Corona is a Swedish collaborative research project between Chalmers, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Lund, and Umeå Universities. The project intends to provide knowledge related to designing, maintaining and operating sustainable buildings with a healthy and good indoor environment.The project aims to contribute to the knowledge and processes needed for the construction and real

Babesia is spread to humans via ticks or blood transfusions. Severity of Plasmodium falciparum malaria is strongly correlated to the ABO blood group of the patient. Babesia divergens is an intraerythrocytic parasite with many similarities to malaria, but the impact of ABO on the susceptibility to and progression of the infection in humans is unknown. We have now cultured B. divergens in hu

Background: Targeted viral load (VL) testing has been proposed for antiretroviral treatment (ART) monitoring in resource-limited settings. In this study, we have investigated the performance of the host biomarker galectin-9 (Gal-9), alone and in combination with interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), in identifying individuals at increased likelihood of viremia during ART.Setting:Cohort of HIV

Combustion of fossil diesel is a major environmental problem for both the climate and human health. Renewable diesel fuels have been developed and introduced to the market to reduce the net CO2 emissions. Emission control strategies, such as aftertreatment systems, have been implemented to reduce the health hazardous particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions. The overall aim of t

INTRODUCTION: Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a leading cause of 30-day mortality following heart transplantation, and early intervention in PGD may correlate to improved survival. Our analysis aimed to determine the feasibility of measuring cardiac biomarkers from the donor heart in the early phase for use as a predictor of PGD.METHODS: Blood samples from the coronary sinus were obtained at th

Familial, sequencing, and genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and genetic correlation analyses have progressively unraveled the shared or pleiotropic germline genetics of breast and ovarian cancer. In this study, we aimed to leverage this shared germline genetics to improve the power of transcriptome-wide association studies (TWASs) to identify candidate breast cancer and ovarian cancer suscep

Hydrological modelling is essential for effective water resources management, as it represents complex physical processes through mathematical equations to improve our understanding of the water cycle. FLEXG is a glacio-hydrological model that has been successfully applied and found to perform well in glacierized regions. This study seeks to improve the capability of classical FLEXG model for glac

Background: The Prostatype score (P-score) is a prognostic biomarker that integrates a three-gene (IGFBP3, F3, and VGLL3) signature derived from prostate biopsy samples, with key clinical parameters, including prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, Gleason grade, and tumor stage at diagnosis. The test has demonstrated superior predictive accuracy for prostate cancer outcomes compared with traditi

In a global retrospective assessment, this study quantifies the potential impacts of croplands on biodiversity using the UNEP-Life Cycle Initiative's recommended method for land use that was proposed by the GLAM consensus working group for Global Guidance for Life Cycle Impact Assessment Indicators and Methods. The findings show the importance of using tools that account for both occupied area and

Given the important role of the land surface for climate, this study aims at (1) to evaluate the quality of the simulation of surface climate by the land-surface component of the EC-Earth3 ESM and (2) to assess the role of the coupling of the land surface with the atmosphere for the simulation of the surface climate in EC-Earth3. It is based on three simulations with different configurations of th

Background: Psychiatric disorders have been associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, to our knowledge, no nationwide study has examined the familial association between VTE and psychiatric disorders. Objectives: We took a pedigree-based approach and examined the risk of psychiatric disorders in offspring from extended pedigrees according to the densities of VTE in pedigrees. Methods: