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Sub-THz frequencies are tomorrow's hot research area in mobile communication. However, in this range of frequencies the systems are complex, and it is hard to explore various system architectures and correlate the system-level solutions with circuit-level performances and requirements. This paper presents a scalable testbench in MATLAB/Simulink for sub-THz hybrid beamforming receivers. The testben
This chapter focuses on taxation in Africa since 1900. Using existing data and insights from the literature, the chapter documents taxes collected by colonial and post-colonial states, exploring what was taxed, the types of taxes, the tax revenue patterns and the socio-political contexts shaping taxation policies. It begins by discussing the fundamental principles of taxation and forms of direct a
This paper presents an LO phase shifter with frequency tripling for 28-GHz 5G transceivers. The phase shifting and frequency tripling are achieved using an injection-locked oscillator and injection-locked frequency tripler, respectively. A phase detector based on third harmonic mixing is also implemented and is used to detect the applied phase shift, supporting automatic calibration of the phase s
In modern industrial settings with small batch sizes it should be easy to set up a robot system for a new task. Strategies exist, e.g. the use of skills, but when it comes to handling forces and torques, these systems often fall short. We introduce an approach that provides a combination of task-level planning with targeted learning of scenario-specific parameters for skill-based systems. We propo
Upper bounds on the focusing efficiency of aperture fields and lens systems are formulated using integral equation representations of Maxwell’s equations and Lagrangian duality. Two forms of focusing efficiency are considered based on lens exit plane fields and optimal polarization currents within lens design regions of prescribed shape and available materials. Bounds are compared against the perf
Characteristic modes are formulated using the scattering dyadic, which maps incident plane waves to scattered far fields generated by an object of arbitrary material composition. Numerical construction of the scattering dyadic using arbitrary full-wave electromagnetic solvers is demonstrated in examples involving a variety of dielectric and magnetic materials. Wrapper functions for computing chara
To study the effects of uncertainty in autonomous motion planning and control, an 8-DOF model of a tractor-semitrailer is implemented and analyzed. The implications of uncertainties in the model are then quantified and presented using sensitivity analysis and closed-loop simulations. The study shows that different model parameters are more or less critical depending on the investigated scenario. U
Avoidance maneuvers at normal driving speed or higher are demanding driving situations that force the vehicle to the limit of tire–road friction in critical situations. To study and develop control for these situations, dynamic optimization has been in growing use in research. One idea to handle such optimization computations effectively is to divide the total maneuver into a sequence of sub-maneu
In this paper, we present a global solution to a nonlinear H-infinity optimal control problem for control-affine systems with an associated potential function. We also give a closed-form expression for an optimal controller and demonstrate its potential for sparsity. This paper thus advances a recent result which considers the same problem restricted to systems with symmetric state matrix and nonl
We report on charge transport across self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of short tau peptides by probing the electron tunneling rates and quantum mechanical simulation. We measured the electron tunneling rates across SAMs of carboxyl-terminated linker molecules (C6H12O2S) and short cis-tau (CT) and trans-tau (TT) peptides, supported on template-stripped gold (AuTS) bottom electrode, with Eutectic Ga
BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders and is a great disease burden. However, its underlying pathophysiology and aetiology remain poorly understood. Available evidence suggests that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with MDD, but it is still unknown whether miRNAs can predict subsequent incident MDD.METHODS: In this nested case-cont
When it comes to religion, lack of conclusive evidence leads many reflective thinkers to embrace agnosticism. However, pure agnosticism does not necessarily have to be the final word; there are other attitudes one might reasonably adopt in a situation of epistemic uncertainty. This article concentrates on J. L. Schellenberg's proposal that non-doxastic propositional faith is available even when be
Importance: Twin studies have assessed sibling resemblance for major depression (MD) but cannot address sources of resemblance across generations. Objective: To clarify the relative importance of genetic and rearing effects on the parent-offspring resemblance for MD. Design: This Swedish population register-based study examined parents and children from the following 5 family types: intact (2 041
A considerable part of latency in the baseband of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems is introduced by orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (de)modulation. To address the low-latency demand of massive MIMO systems, a fast Fourier transform (FFT) processor and corresponding reordering scheme are proposed, which reduce the processing latency and reordering latency of O
Planet–planet collisions are a common outcome of instability in systems of transiting planets close to the star, as well as occurring during in-situ formation of such planets from embryos. Previous N-body studies of instability amongst transiting planets have assumed that collisions result in perfect merging. Here, we explore the effects of implementing a more realistic collision prescription on t
