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Accelerated deterioration of the constituting materials is important for the long-term performance of bridges or any other load-bearing structure with several-decades-long service life. In addition to the economic consequences due to increased maintenance and repair needs, severe deterioration can lead to catastrophic collapses with possible injuries, life losses, and impairments to infrastructure
Consumers want innovations that fulfil present and future needs and to be delighted! Hence the main objective of an innovation is to create value for the consumer/customer by a product, process, service or combinations, but is also important for manufacturers, suppliers and society, to promote growth, create new markets, answer new needs etc. The retailers now have the power in the supply - and va
The aim of this paper is to study the extent to which non-Annex I countries are implementing or exploring select actions that support both climate change mitigation and sustainable development objectives in the energy sector. The research is based on a survey of the national communications of 100 non-Annex I Parties to the UNFCCC. Although national communications are intended to provide informatio
Consumers want innovations that fulfil present and future needs and to be delighted! Hence the main objective of an innovation is to create value for the consumer/customer by a product, process, service or combinations, but is also important for manufacturers, suppliers and society, to promote growth, create new markets, answer new needs etc. The retailers now have the power in the supply - and va
Real-time applications introduce new requirements on wireless networks and impose quality thresholds on parameters like delay, jitter, throughput, and packet loss in order to run smoothly. This paper addresses this issue by presenting a MAC scheme that offers real-time applications the opportunity to reserve transmission time based on their QoS requirements for contention-free medium access. Our s
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents (6-16 years), and relationships between being overweight and sleep, experiencing of fatigue, enjoyment of school, and time spent in watching television and in sitting at the computer. Trained school nurses measured the weight and height of 2891 children aged 6, 7, 10, 14, a
A purchaser/provider split together with output-based reimbursement were recently introduced by several Swedish county councils. These changes have been motivated by arguments of efficiency and consumer choice. This paper tests the null hypothesis that hospital services are provided as efficiently by county councils with internal markets and output-based reimbursement as by county councils with bu
The carbon sink potential of peatlands depends on the balance of carbon uptake by plants and microbial decomposition. The rates of both these processes will increase with warming but it remains unclear which will dominate the global peatland response. Here we examine the global relationship between peatland carbon accumulation rates during the last millennium and planetary-scale climate space. A p
210Pb dateringsstudie på 3000-4000 meters djup gjord på sediment från Marokanska och Arabiska havet för att undersöka om djuphavssediment är en stabil miljö. Tanken med examensarbetet är att undersöka konsekvenserna för dumpning av radioaktivt avfall i havet. Vilka regler gäller och vilka problem kan uppstå. Är det säkert eller ej? Vilka dumpplatser finns det och vad har man dumpat där? Ett av målThe earth surface consists of 71% of water and 29% land. 97% of that water is contained in saline seas. More than 90 per cent of the worlds living biomass can be found in the oceans. The sea has always been a possible dumpingsite for waste produced by man. Radioactive waste is the one of the most dangerous waste of all. Since the beginning of nuclear power research dumpsites around the world has b
Introduction: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents continues to rise, and there is a lack of long-term follow-up to clarify health and well-being trajectories into adolescence and adulthood. This study investigated anthropometry and quality of life (QoL) trajectories in 7-14-year-old vulnerable children three years after attending a lifestyle camp. Methods: Vulnerab
Today’s global competition forces manufacturing companies to re-evaluate their existing processes, technologies, manufactured parts and services in order to focus on strategic activities. The question whether to make or to buy goods or services represents a problem faced by many companies when deciding between keeping technologies/processes in-house or purchasing them from an outside supplier. In
Soil microbes drive ecosystem function and play a critical role in how ecosystems respond to global change. Research surrounding soil microbial communities has rapidly increased in recent decades, and substantial data relating to phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and potential enzyme activity have been collected and analysed. However, studies have mostly been restricted to local and regional scales
Climate change calls for adaptive strategies to manage land system across governance levels, as differing multi-level policies distinctly shape land system and long-term ecosystem resilience. This study proposes an iterative approach for optimizing land-use pathways that balance competing policy objectives across national, provincial, and local levels without compromising ecosystem integrity in a
Understanding farmer behaviour is needed for local agricultural systems to produce food sustainably while facing multiple pressures. We synthesize existing literature to identify three fundamental questions that correspond to three distinct areas of knowledge necessary to understand farmer behaviour: 1) decision-making model; 2) cross-scale and cross-level pressures; and 3) temporal dynamics. We u
Background No comprehensive systematic review of the accuracy of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurement methods using renal inulin clearance as reference has been published. Study Design Systematic review with meta-analysis of cross-sectional diagnostic studies. Setting & Population Published original studies and systematic reviews in any population. Selection Criteria for Studies Index
The aim of the present Study was to make a 16-year follow-up of children of psychosocial risk mothers as concerns emotional/behavioural problems, self-esteem, life events, and academic grades. Forty-three teenagers (index group) and 61 reference teenagers were personally interviewed and asked to answer the Youth Self-report (YSR), the Self-image questionnaire I Think I Am, and a Life Event questio
Many small farmland ponds are built for nutrient retention, the conservation of biodiversity or both, yet they are relatively neglected habitats. For example, little is known about the potential for ponds to influence populations of beneficial terrestrial insects, deliver ecosystem services across the aquatic-terrestrial boundary and affect crop yield in insect-pollinated cash crops.We assessed wh
