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PURPOSE: To examine the effects of focal laser photocoagulation on general and local retinal function and to relate electrophysiological findings with changes in protein kinase C (PKC) alpha expression. METHODS: Twelve rabbits were treated with 70 spots of laser photocoagulation in the central cone-rich retina. The operated eyes were investigated with electroretinography (full-field ERG and multif
If semantic consequence is analyzed with extensive games, logical reasoning can be accounted for by looking at how players solve entailment games. However, earlier approaches to game semantics cannot achieve this reduction, by want of explicitly dened preferences for players. Moreover, although entailment games can naturally translate the idea of argumentation about a common ground, a cognitive in
The exocrine pancreas is mainly regulated via neuro-hormonal pathways. CCK-dependent regulatory pathways and CCK-receptor subtype involved seem to differ between mammalian species. The first aim of the thesis was to establish the physiological dose-range for CCK, to further explore the short entero-pancreatic reflex and CCK-receptor subtypes involved in the CCK-mediated regulation of the exocrin
We discuss general non-stationary spatio-temporal surfaces that involve dynamics governed by velocity fields. The approach formalizes and expands previously used models in analysis of satellite data of significant wave heights. We start with homogeneous spatial fields. By applying an extension of the standard moving average construction we obtain models which are stationary in time. The resulting
The scramble for Africa’s natural resources has never been more prominent. Rather than contributing to development through means of mineral rents, countries such as Malawi appear to be suffering as result of increased investment from multinational mining corporations. Also known as the resource curse, Malawi’s high natural resource endowment is hurting its citizens, rather than benefitting them. W
Lakes located in the boreal region are generally supersaturated with carbon dioxide (CO2), which emerges from inflowing inorganic carbon from the surrounding watershed and from mineralization of allochthonous organic carbon. While these CO2 sources gained a lot of attention, processes that reduce the amount of CO2 have been less studied. We therefore examined the CO2 reduction capacity during time
Galaxies with high redshift (z) are galaxies in the early universe, and they differ from local ones. They often show more irregular morphologies and significantly different kinematic properties, as turbulent motion dominates. These early galaxies have higher gas velocity dispersion (σ) and lower rotation-to-dispersion (vrot/σ) values. Recent findings from both the JWST and the Atacama Large Millim
I och med elektrifieringen av energisektorn ställs höga krav på ökad inhemsk produktion av elektricitet i Sverige. På grund av den nuvarande fördelningen, där en stor del av produktionen sker i norra Sverige medan konsumtionen är koncentrerad till södra delarna av landet, är behovet extra stort i elområde 4 (SE4). Ett län som möter extra stora utmaningar är Skåne där självförsörjningsgraden för elThe current electrification of the energy sector puts high demands on increasing domestic electricity production in Sweden. This issue is enhanced by the current regional imbalance between supply and demand, while a major share of electricity generation is located in northern Sweden, consumption is concentrated in the south. Consequently, the need for new production is particularly great in electr
China has over the last decades clearly increased its foreign direct investments (FDI) in Africa. This has gained public attention and the question has been raised whether China’s growing investments could be harmful for the local African economy. This study examines if China’s FDI in Africa has affected the African countries’ total product export. This is analyzed more in detail by investigating
The thesis builds upon a critical discourse analysis and ethnographic methods such as interviews and participatory observation, in an effort to contribute with original research about how the Swedish counter radicalization project discursively constructs political engagement as “pro-violent” and “anti-democratic”, and how these constructions impacts local political practices. The analysis reveals
Food safety is a key component in securing people's health and environment in today's society. Within the European Union there are mutual laws regulating the food safety which are to be implemented uniformly in all member states. This study investigates a municipality's work in implementing a uniform handling of public supervision of food safety in Sweden. The examined municipality is
This thesis is an analysis of Fast-Track Land Reform Programme´s distributive effects on Zimbabwe´s Agricultural Development. The Land Reform was institutionalized in 2001 as a state-based strategy to allocate property rights of land from the population minority to the population majority, which resulted in a bimodal resettlement-design of smallholder and stakeholder land-rights. The empirics has
Various environmental forcings can affect phytoplankton blooms, resulting in changes in bloom timing and abundance, which can have many far-reaching consequences. Understanding bloom phenology is crucial to predict and counter any potential harmful changes. The North Sea is an important fishing ground, and any changes in phytoplankton bloom patterns can have a significant impact on the region'
The details of galaxy formation are still an unsolved problem in astrophysics. Even though significant progress has been made in simulations and observations, it remains an unsolved issue to describe the complexity it yields. One of the reasons for this is the vast dynamical range in space and time. The smallest scales, where star formation occurs, are connected to the larger scale structure of th
The method of solving boundary value problems of partial differential equations numerically by first reformulating the problem as a boundary integral equation has many advantages over other methods, but also some unique difficulties. Some of these difficulties stem from problems in evaluating singular or nearly singular integral operators, and solving these difficulties is an active field of resea
Prisutvecklingen på den svenska bostadsmarknaden har under de senaste åren varit positiv. Lågt bostadsbyggandet i förhållande till befolkningsökningen anses vara en bidragande orsak till den positiva prisutvecklingen. Ett sätt att mäta attraktiviteten på den lokala bostadsmarknaden är Tobins Q. På småhusmarknaden definieras Tobins Q vanligtvis som kvoten mellan ett småhus marknadsvärde och dess iOne way to measure the attractiveness of a local housing market is Tobin’s Q. On the market for single-family housing property, Tobin’s Q is usually defined as the ratio between the market value of the property and its investment cost. This means that the quota can serve as an indicator on whether it is profitable to build a new house or not. The theory states that Tobin’s Q above 1,0 indicates th
The overall purpose of this essay has been to evaluate a local planning and decision-making process by comparing it with a norm of a democratic process. The case in question was the building of a new multi-purpose arena in Kristianstad. After the decision to build had been made the arena process was accused of being undemocratic and in the end the protesters even tried to force through a referendu
Today can’t all citizens get job. Some people can’t get a job for their ethnic, homosexuality, handicapped background is wrong. Many municipalities want to increase the quantity of people with ethnic background, sexuality and handicapped in their organization so they can get a job. This essay contains eight interviews with people who work after documents from the politicians. The staff works wi
