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INTRODUCTION: Monocytes are key effector cells in inflammatory processes. We and others have previously shown that synovial monocytes in childhood-onset arthritis are activated. However, very little is known about how they contribute to disease and attain their pathological features. Therefore, we set out to investigate the functional alterations of synovial monocytes in childhood-onset arthritis,
Temperature is a major determinant of biological process rates, and microorganisms are key regulators of ecosystem carbon (C) dynamics. Temperature controls microbial rates of decomposition, and thus warming can stimulate C loss, creating positive feedback to climate change. If trait distributions that define temperature relationships of microbial communities can adapt to altered temperatures, the
BACKGROUND: Analyses of clinical outcomes following radiotherapy (RT) have advanced our understanding of fundamental radiobiological characteristics in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Low fractionation sensitivity appears to be a common feature, as well as susceptibility to changes in overall treatment time (OTT). Large tumors should be harder to cure if a successful RT requires the
Reflection seismic data were acquired in the Sudret area of Gotland between 6 and 13 November 2023. Objectives of the survey were to obtain images of the subsurface down to the Precambrian basement in the vicinity of two cored boreholes that had been drilled earlier down to about 800 m. The seismic profiles were positioned to provide a better understanding of the sedimentary strata and local struc
ImportanceThe management of complications following oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) surgery can be challenging. Previous studies show conflicting results on complication risks after preoperative radiotherapy (RT), necessitating a randomized controlled trial (RCT).ObjectiveTo compare early complications during hospitalization for OCSCC surgery between patients receiving preoperative acc
The far-infrared (FIR) fine structure lines [C II]158 μm, [O III]88 μm, [N II]122 μm, and [N III]57 μm are excellent tools for probing the physical conditions of the interstellar medium (ISM). The [O III]88 μm/[C II]158 μm and [O III]88 μm/[N II]122 μm luminosity ratios have shown to be promising tracers of the ionisation state and gas-phase metallicity of the ISM. Observations of galaxies at reds
Background: Accurate diagnosis and staging are essential for optimal treatment planning of prostate cancer. By combining functional and anatomical imaging, PSMA-PET/mpMRI offers a potential to improve lesion detection and enhance staging accuracy. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of lesion detection and local staging of prostate cancer using combined PSMA-PET/mpMRI compared
Background: To understand how the neuronal circuits in the brain process information there is a need for novelneuro-electronic interfaces that can interact chronically with brain tissue with minimal disturbance of thephysiological conditions in the tissue, in awake and freely moving animals. For this, there is a need for implantableneuro-electronic interfaces that are mechanically compliant with t
Background: The Deauville score (DS) is a clinical tool, based on the comparison between lesion and reference organ uptake of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), used to stratify patients with lymphoma into categories reflecting their disease status. With a plethora of positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET-CT) hard- and software algorithms, standard uptake value (SUV) in lesions and
A comprehensive understanding of the emotional mechanisms that motivate the symptoms of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is important for models of the etiology and treatment of the disorder. Existing models have emphasized the central role of fear, but recent research has highlighted that OCD may also be underpinned by incompleteness and disgust. However, whether incompleteness is re
Climate change increases the risks of heat stress, especially in urban areas where urban heat islands can develop. This literature review aims to describe how severe heat can occur and be identified in urban indoor environments, and what actions can be taken on the local scale. There is a connection between the outdoor and the indoor climate in buildings without air conditioning, but the pathways
Radioresistance, the failure to achieve a desired outcome, is an obstacle in clinical radiotherapy. In this thesis we investigate factors affecting radioresistance and strategies to overcome it, both with established clinical approaches and by using novel pre-clinical discoveries. Study I & II concern the impact of tumour volume in patients with oropharyngeal cancer. In a large, pooled cohort
Barnahus syftar till att förbättra utredningar och samarbete mellan myndigheter när barn misstänks ha varit utsatta för brott som misshandel eller sexuella övergrepp. I Barnahus samverkar olika instanser som socialtjänst, polis, åklagare, barnmedicin, rättsmedicin samt barn- och ungdomspsykiatri i en barnvänlig miljö. I stället för att behöva upprepa sin berättelse för olika tjänstemän på olika plBarnahus in Sweden exist to improve investigations and the collaboration between public agencies when children are suspected being victims of physical and/or sexual abuse. Barnahus are multi-agency collaborations that bring together local authority child welfare services, the police, public prosecutors, paediatric medicine, forensic medicine, and child- and adolescent psychiatry in a child-friendl
BACKGROUND: HLA-DR4, a common antigen of HLA-DRB1, has multiple subtypes that are strongly associated with risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D); however, some are risk neutral or resistant. The pathobiological mechanism of HLA-DR4 subtypes remains to be elucidated.METHODS: We used a population-based case-control study of T1D (962 patients and 636 controls) to decipher genetic associations of HLA-DR4 subt
Vad hände med innebörden av ordet "otrygghet", ett ord med gamla svenska rötter och en tidigare etablerad innebörd, när det amerikanska forskningsfältet "Fear of Crime" introducerade i Sverige och översattes till "Otrygghet"? Syftet med denna avhandling är att beskriva trygghetsforskningens uppkomst, etablering och expansion i Sverige, i syfte att besvara frågor om forskningsdiskursens funktion, sThe purpose of this dissertation is to construct an historical account of the emergence, establishment, and expansion of fear of crime research in Sweden. This dissertation aims to answer questions about the function, spread, and high level of institutional engagement of fear of crime research by analyzing the literature and examining the methodological, theoretical, and epistemological origins of
This thesis dwells upon the synthesis of system-theoretical tools to understand and control the behavior of nonlinear networked systems. This work is at the crossroads of three topics: synchronization in coupled high-order oscillators, inverse optimal control and the application of inverter-based power systems. The control and stability of power systems leverages the theoretical results obtained f
Introduction. According to the 2021 ERC/ESICM guideline recommen-dations, elevated neuron-specific enolase [NSE] levels as well as diffuseand extensive anoxic damage on neuroimaging are predictors of poorneurological outcome after cardiac arrest.(1) We previously describedthat NSE is elevated in patients with generalised oedema on com-puted tomography [CT]. (2).Objectives. In this study, we aim to
Background: Repolarization prolongation can be the earliest electrophysiological change in ischemia, but its role in arrhythmogenesis is unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the early ischemic action potential duration (APD) prolongation concerning its causes, expression in ECG and association with early ischemic ventricular fibrillation (phase 1A VF). Methods: Coronary occlusion
Background: Herbivores modify the structure and function of tundra ecosystems. Understanding their impacts is necessary to assess the responses of these ecosystems to ongoing environmental changes. However, the effects of herbivores on plants and ecosystem structure and function vary across the Arctic. Strong spatial variation in herbivore effects implies that the results of individual studies on
BACKGROUND: Blood-based biomarkers are a promising tool for early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We recently showed that individuals with autosomal-dominant AD due to the E280A mutation in the presenilin1 gene (PSEN1) showed elevated levels of plasma tau phosphorylated at threonine 217 (P-tau217) and neurofilament light chain (NfL), as early as approximately 20 years before clinical onset.
