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Low CSF/serum ratio of free T4 is associated with decreased quality of life in mild hypothyroidism – A pilot study : CSF/s-T4 associated with QoL in hypothyroidism

Background & Objective: Patients with mild hypothyroidism often are depressed and have impaired quality of life despite serum free-T4 and T3 within reference values. Therefore, we investigated whether their symptoms were dependent on the concentrations of free -T4 and T3 in the circulation and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Methods: Twenty-five newly diagnosed, untreated hypothyroid subjects and a

Striking a fair balance between the protection of creative content and the need to foster its dissemination : The challenges posed by Internet linking and meta search engines

In recent years, the ability to make available, locate and access copyright protected content over the Internet has increased considerably. Some business models are directly aimed at linking or locating content already made available by other services. Such business models may create value for end users by making it easier to locate and find content on the Internet, but at the same time, they may

Exceptions, limitations and collective management of rights as vehicles for access to information

Copyright law reflects a balance between the competing interests of protection and access. It is often held that this balance has been disturbed by recent technological and related legal developments. This article describes and compares two vehicles to enhance access to information in the online environment, while also taking into account the interest of protection: (i) the introduction of (broade

Kollektiv rättighetsförvaltning på upphovsrättsområdet : Betänkande av Utredningen om kollektiv rättighetsförvaltning på upphovsrättsområdet

Direktivet om kollektiv rättighetsförvaltning innehåller krav för att säkerställa att kollektiva förvaltningsorganisationer förvaltar upphovsrätt och närstående rättigheter på ett välfungerande sätt. Direktivet innehåller också bestämmelser om gränsöverskridande licensiering av upphovsrättigheter till musikaliska verk för användning på nätet.Utredningen har i huvudsak föreslagit ett genomförande s

Cross-Border Extended Collective Licensing : A Solution to Online Dissemination of Europe’s Cultural Heritage

The ever increasing use of the Internet and of digitisation technologies have opened up new possibilities for distributing and accessing creative content online, including for cultural heritage institutions. However, the digitisation and dissemination of a substantial proportion of the collections held by European cultural institutions may be considerably hindered due to high transaction costs rel