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This paper describes the methods used in the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership Module 4 Survey (ICBPM4) which examines time intervals and routes to cancer diagnosis in 10 jurisdictions. We present the study design with defining and measuring time intervals, identifying patients with cancer, questionnaire development, data management and analyses. Design and setting: Recruitment of part

Here we characterize a new animal model that spontaneously develops chronic inflammation and fibrosis in multiple organs, the non-obese diabetic inflammation and fibrosis (N-IF) mouse. In the liver, the N-IF mouse displays inflammation and fibrosis particularly evident around portal tracts and central veins and accompanied with evidence of abnormal intrahepatic bile ducts. The extensive cellular i

This paper summarizes the proceedings of a workshop held at Trinity Hall, Cambridge to discuss comparability and includes additional information and references to related information added subsequently to the workshop. Comparability is the need to demonstrate equivalence of product after a process change; a recent publication states that this 'may be difficult for cell-based medicinal products'. T

In this article, the 2009 European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) recommendations for the management of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) have been updated. The 2009 recommendations were on the management of primary small and medium vessel vasculitis. The 2015 update has been developed by an international task force representing EULAR, the European Renal Ass

Objectives We recently constructed a general population job exposure matrix (JEM), The Shoulder JEM, based on expert ratings. The overall aim of this study was to convert expert-rated job exposures for upper arm elevation and repetitive shoulder movements to measurement scales. Methods The Shoulder JEM covers all Danish occupational titles, divided into 172 job groups. For 36 of these job groups,

Monocytes and macrophages are part of the body's first line of defence, eliminating pathogens by phagocytosis or by releasing a broad array of inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines, chemokines, and proteases. In humans, 3 subsets of monocytes are described in blood with seemingly different functions, the classical (CD14 + + CD16 -) monocytes, the intermediate (CD14 + + CD16 +) monocytes, and t

Background: The FRAX® algorithm quantifies a patient's 10-year probability of a hip or major osteoporotic fracture without taking an individual's balance into account. Balance measures assess the functional ability of an individual and the FRAX® algorithm is a model that integrates the individual patients clinical risk factors [not balance] and bone mineral density. Thus, clinical balance measures

Novel experimental data, obtained recently using advanced multi-scale experiments, have been used to develop a micro-mechanically motivated constitutive model for amorphous glassy polymers. Taking advantage of the experiments, the model makes use of a microstructural deformation gradient to incorporate the experimentally obtained deformation of the microstructure, as well as its evolving orientati

Background: The gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of obesity and obesity-associated impairments such as low-grade inflammation. Lingonberries have been shown to prevent diet-induced obesity and low-grade inflammation. However, it is not known whether the effect of lingonberry supplementation is related to modifications of the gut microbiota. The aim of the present study was

The study objective was to describe the types, localizations and severity of injuries among first division Bundesliga football players, and to study the effect of playing position on match and training injury incidence and severity, based on information from the public media. Exposure and injuries data from 1 448 players over 6 consecutive seasons were collected from a media-based register. In tot

Study objective: We evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) level less than 5 ng/L or less than or equal to 14 ng/L at emergency department (ED) presentation, combined with the emergency physician's assessment of history and ECG, for ruling out major adverse cardiac events within 30 days. Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled consecutive

Background: Varicose veins (VVs) cluster in families, but the familial risk of VVs has not been determined among adoptees. The aim was to estimate whether the familial transmission of VVs is related to disease in biological and/or adoptive parents. Study Design: The Swedish Multi-Generation Register and the Swedish Patient Register were used to follow all Swedish-born adoptees (born 1932 through 2

. Streptococcus pyogenes is an important human pathogen responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although . S. pyogenes is a strictly human pathogen with no other known animal reservoir, several murine infection models exist to explore different aspects of the bacterial pathogenesis. Inoculating mice with wild-type . S. pyogenes strains can result in the generation of new bac

In operating systems, resource managers are developed according to simplicity, low overhead, low memory footprint, extensibility and efficiency. Thread schedulers are designed and developed following these implementation-related guidelines. The performance of the implementation is then tested over a set of benchmarks. However, the ability to provide real-time guarantees of these policies is rarely

20 procent av patienterna som diagnostiseras med kolorektal cancer har metastaser vid diagnos och prognosen är bister, med en femårsöverlevnad på ca 10 procent. Kring 40–70 procent har därtill symtom av sin primärtumör vid diagnos. Kirurgi brukar reserveras för patienter med försämrad livskvalitet på grund av symtom som anemi och ileus eftersom kirurgi innebär risk för komplikationer och död. Pati

Many modern software applications have performance requirements, like mobile and embedded systems that must keep up with sensor data, or web services that must return results to users within an acceptable latency bound. For such applications, the goal is not to run as fast as possible, but to meet their performance requirements with minimal resource usage, the key resource in most systems being en

Kerma-area product (KAP) meters have a pronounced energy dependence when measuring air KAP for lightly filtered X-ray beams (RQR). Today, it is also common with more heavily filtered beams. In this work, the energy dependence for lightly as well as heavily filtered beams (RQC) was investigated for several KAP meter models. The relative energy dependence of the readings of an external and an intern

Complete data center failures may occur due to disastrous events such as earthquakes or fires. To attain robustness against such failures and reduce the probability of data loss, data must be replicated in another data center sufficiently geographically separated from the original data center. Implementing geo-replication is expensive as every data update operation in the original data center must

Background: By taking diet quality into account, we may clarify the relationship between genetically elevated triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and better understand the inconsistent results regarding genetically elevated high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Methods: We included 24,799 participants (62 % women, age 4

In 2014, leadership studies saw the retraction of a number of journal articles written by prominent researchers who are closely associated with popular concepts such as transformational leadership, authentic leadership, ethical leadership and spiritual leadership. In response, The Leadership Quarterly published a lengthy editorial that presented these retractions as a sign of health in a mature sc