Popular Abstract in Swedish Genom att utsätta ett material för elektromagnetisk strålning med tillräckligt hög frekvens kan man "slå ut" elektroner. Denna mekanism, som förklarades av Albert Einstein redan 1905, går under namnet den fotoelektriska effekten och utnyttjas idag bl.a. i fotoemissionsexperiment. I dessa experiment analyserar man energin hos de utsända elektronerna och kan dra slutsatseThe present thesis is concerned with the theoretical study of x-ray photoemission spectra from clean and adsorbate-covered metal surfaces. The main tool is ab initio density functional (DFT) total energy calculations. The first part gives an overview of the theoretical treatment of x-ray photoemission with our present contributions highlighted, and an introduction to DFT theory and computational t

The theme of this monograph of Informing Science is a dialectic we perceive to exist between meaningful use and reflection upon use. This dialectic between use and reflection on use (or thinking, and thinking about thinking) may be considered in the following way. Each of these elements is subject to change. As reflection triggers change in use, and such change triggers further reflection, a spira

While small leucine rich proteins/proteoglycans (SLRPs) are present in very low concentrations in the extracellular matrix (ECM), they have been shown to be critical determinants of the proper ECM assembly and function in connective tissues [1] including bone [2], cornea [3], and cartilage [4]. However, their direct and indirect roles in matrix biomechanics and the potential for osteoarthritis-rel

This paper presents methodologies that could be used for characterizing subscriber telephone loops that carry DSL services (ADSL and ADSL2+), by determination and analysis of frequency response, time domain reflectometry, and impulse response of the line. From this analysis, the subscriber loop length, identification and location of impairments such as bridged taps, gauge changes, and open ended t

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Popular Abstract in Swedish Typ 2 diabetes, eller icke insulinberoende diabetes, ibland också kallad åldersdiabetes, är en sjukdom vars förekomst ökar runt om i världen. Orsakerna till att typ 2 diabetes utvecklas är fortfarande inte helt klarlagda. Vissa faktorer är dock kända för att ge ökad risk att utveckla diabetes, till exempel diabetes hos en nära släkting, övervikt, bukfetma och låg fysiskThis thesis presents a three-year prospective study on metabolic characteristics of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and the regulation of insulin sensitivity versus islet function in relation to changes in glucose tolerance. 108 non-diabetic women aged 57-58 years were randomly selected from a population of women born in 1935 with a high prevalence of IGT. At baseline and follow-up, glucose toler

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We present a method for the estimation of the distribution of the quasi-static hogging-bending moment for a floating body. Starting points of this study are temporal characteristics of the sea state. The approximation is deduced from the estimation of the joint distribution of crest amplitude and crest length. The quality of the model is investigated by comparing computed distributions with empiri

We consider the problem of minimizing the total energy assigned to nodes of wireless network so that broadcasting from the source node to all other nodes is possible. This problem has been extensively studied especially under the assumption that the nodes correspond to points in the Euclidean two- or three-dimensional space and the broadcast range of a node is proportional to at most the α root of

The Sun-Chariot from Trundholm is world famous, and the finding place is marked with a monument. In the same way the finding places for The golden horns from Gallehus, the Egtved girl, the Dejbjerg chariots, the Gundestrup cauldron, the Nydam boat and many other finds have been remembered during the 20th Century with memorials, often a stone monument. Which finds have become national symbols or h

The efficacy and function of antioxidants have been intensively studied in foods and other biological systems in recent decades. This thesis concerns different aspects of the antioxidant properties of bovine milk, with emphasis on measurement of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), the activity of the selenium-containing glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), and the bioavailability of selenium from bov