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The Commission of the European Communities (CEC) research project "Predictivity and optimisation in medical radiation protection" addressed fundamental operational limitations in existing radiation protection mechanisms. The first part of the project aimed at investigating (1) whether the CEC image quality criteria could be used for optimization or a radiographic process and (2) whether significan

The agar-film and membrane filter methods were used to measure total hyphal length in ten different soils. The former method resulted in values 1.1 to 3.9 times those of the latter. Choice of magnification strongly influenced the results. The value for fungal length found at a magnification of 1250 x was 2 times that found at 800 x or 500 x . The measured mean hyphal diameter was significantly sma

Encoders for convolutional codes with large free distances can be constructed by combining several less powerful convolutional encoders. This paper is devoted to constructions in which the constituent convolutional codes are woven together in a manner that resembles the structure of a fabric. The general construction is called twill and it is described together with two special cases, viz., woven

Modelling the sedimentation of suspensions with partial differential equations requires constitutive relations (material properties) to be known. Restricted to suspensions obeying Kynch's assumption (ideal suspensions), this paper deals with the inverse problem, which is to estimate the batch-settling flux function from experimental data. A new batch-settling test is suggested, from which it is th

BACKGROUND: The global pattern of varying prevalence of diseases of affluence, such as obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes, suggests that some environmental factor specific to agrarian societies could initiate these diseases. PRESENTATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS: We propose that a cereal-based diet could be such an environmental factor. Through previous studies in archaeology and molecular evol

This study presents the concentrations of about 50 metals and ions in 33 different brands of bottled waters on the Swedish market. Ten of the brands showed calcium (Ca) concentrations <= 10 mg L-1 and magnesium (Mg) levels < 3 mg L-1, implying very soft waters. Three of these waters had in addition low concentrations of sodium (Na; < 7 mg L-1), potassium (K; < 3 mg L-1) and bicarbonate (HCO3; <= 3

This paper presents an analysis of energy dissipation of a decimation filter chain of four half band digital (HBD) filters operated in the sub-threshold (sub-VT) region with throughput constraints. To combat speed degradation due to scaling of supply voltage, various HBD filters are implemented as unfolded structures. The designs are synthesized in 65 nm CMOS technology with low-power and three th

This paper discusses how physical planning works with place-making through urban design to support image creation in a municipality that aims to create a new image for its city. Two large-scale urban development projects in Sweden are analysed. The analysis focuses on official plans and documentation, and expert interviews. It distinguishes how place-making by physical planning happens through aes

The role of oxidants in viral diseases is fairly complex because it includes metabolic regulation both of host metabolism and viral replication. However, a role for reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) as mediators of virus-induced lung damage is supported by studies and antioxidants can thus be expected to act at many different levels. The aim of the present pilot stu

Objective: To evaluate if the measurement of survivin in the blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) undergoing infliximab treatment has predictive value for treatment response. Methods: The study included 87 consecutive RA patients (age 24-89 years, disease duration 18-526 months) treated with regular infusions of influximab. Survivin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent a

Cycling as a transport mode has gradually become more attractive in cities during the last 10 years. However, not all cities give due consideration to cycling issues in the planning process. In many transport systems, cycling and issues of vélomobility are still neglected. Recent research considers several aspects of cycling, however, few studies have shown why differences in for example modal spl

Through the concept of friction, this article critically examines how the liberal peace travels across differences, accommodates, as well as is accommodated by the spaces it engages, and how it transforms, enables or constrains local as well as international agency. As the liberal peace interplays with the post-conflict realities three sites of friction are identified and examined in the divided c

Secondary hyperparathyroidism persists after renal transplantation in a substantial number of patients. Primary hyperparathyroidism and secondary hyperparathyroidism are both associated with abnormalities in glucose metabolism, such as insufficient insulin release and glucose intolerance. The association of hyperparathyroidism and diabetes after renal transplantation has, as far as we know, not be

Relative partial cross sections have been measured following photoexcitation of atomic chlorine near the Cl 2p and Cl 1s ionization thresholds. In addition, Breit-Pauli R-matrix calculations have been carried out in the region of the 2p thresholds, and the results are compared with experiment. Owing to angular-momentum considerations, it was found that the resonances associated with the higher 2p(

Background: Classic bladder exstrophy (CBE) is the most common form of the bladder exstrophy and epispadias complex. Previously, we and others have identified four patients with a duplication of 22q11.21 among a total of 96 unrelated CBE patients. Methods: Here, we investigated whether this chromosomal aberration was commonly associated with CBE/bladder exstrophy and epispadias complex in an exten