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The primary objective of this multicenter, multinational, epidemiological study is the identification of infectious agents, dietary factors, or other environmental exposures that are associated with increased risk of autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Factors affecting specific phenotypic manifestations such as early age of onset or rate of progression or with protection from the de
In a revision of the stratigraphic classification of the subsurface Upper Ordovician succession of Gotland, the terms Lower and Upper Ostersjo Limestone are rejected and replaced by the Slandrom Limestone and the File Limestone, respectively. Two mound generations are recognized, the Rakveran-Nabalan Liste mounds and the Pirguan Klasen mounds, the latter being by far the most common. Both occur no
In this paper a statistical forecasting model designed for bounded areas of near-surface ocean wind speeds is implemented. Dimension reduction is achieved by decomposing the covariance structure into one large-scale and one small-scale component using empirical orthogonal functions. The large-scale component is modelled with an AR process and forecasts are calculated by applying a Kalman filter. T
Sex ratio evolution relies on genetic variation in either the phenotypic traits that influence sex ratios or sex-determining mechanisms. However, consistent variation among females in offspring sex ratio is rarely investigated. Here, we show that female painted dragons (Ctenophorus pictus) have highly repeatable sex ratios among clutches within years. A consistent effect of female identity could r
The important issue addressed by the studies presented here is the mechanism of neutrophil-mediated damage to endothelial and epithelial cells during inflammation. Binding of neutrophil-released granule proteins to endothelial cells may be involved in vascular damage in patients with inflammatory vascular diseases. We have determined whether granule proteins proteinase 3(PR3) and/or myeloperoxidas
Light-emitting electrochemical cells offer efficient light-emission but suffer from short operational lifetimes. The latter is demonstrated to stem from photoinduced chemical reactions involving the conjugated polymer in the light-emitting p-n junction region, as evidenced by, e.g., optical and Raman microscopy (see figure). It is possible to alleviate the extent of these side reactions, and accor
Knee joints of non-immunized rabbits were repeatedly injected with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and preformed BSA-anti-BSA immune complexes which had differing precipitation profiles and abilities to activate complement. Ten days after the last of six injections the antibody and lymphoproliferative responses to BSA were analysed and correlated to the degree of arthritis. Joint swelling, increased nu
Essay on the international stereotype of Sweden and how it is reproduced in Henning Mankell's Wallander novels and in the British tv-series starring Kenneth Branagh.
To investigate whether interstitial cells (ICs) are present in the adult mouse bladder, and what transmitters characterize adjacent nerve fibres, as ICs in human and guinea-pig bladder lie close to nerve fibres but transmitters present in these nerves have not yet been reported. Sections of the bladder wall from 12 adult male mice (six each, aged 3-4 or 18-24 months) were incubated in carboxygenat
Background: Previous studies indicate that there may be infant gender differences in cytokine expression associated with differences in neonatal morbidity. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that umbilical cord interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) correlates with infant gender and neonatal outcome in preterm infants. Study Design: IL-1ra was measured in cord blood taken from 58 preterm infa
Chinese hamster ovary cells were seeded in the absence or presence of the polyamine synthesis inhibitor 2-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO). At 1-4 days after seeding, the cells were labelled for 15-120 min with the thymidine analogue bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) and they were then fixed directly after the labelling period. In addition, cells were labelled for 30 min and they were then allowed to progr
The associations among educational level, occupational status, and atherosclerosis were investigated during 1992-1994 in a general population sample of 4,176 Swedish men and women. Carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid stenosis were determined by B-mode ultrasound. Socioeconomic differences in mean carotid IMT and odds ratios for carotid stenosis prevalence were estimated. In wom
One of the major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with arthritis in crosses between B10.RIII and RIIIS/J mice is the Cia5 on chromosome 3. Early in the congenic mapping process it was clear that the locus was complex, consisting of several subloci with small effects. Therefore, we developed two novel strategies to dissect a QTL: the partial advanced intercross (PAI) strategy, with which w
It has been shown that users of a digital system perceive a more ‘masculine-sounding’ female voice as more persuasive and intelligent than a corresponding but more ‘feminine-sounding’ female voice. Our study explores whether a parallel pattern of affectively colored evaluations can be elicited when femininity and masculinity are manipulated via visual cues instead of via voice. 80 participants enc
For the first time, Pulsed Field Gradient-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, a powerful noninvasive tool for studying the dynamics and structure of complex-gels, has been used to measure diffusion of probe molecules in aqueous solutions/gels of noncommercial purified pig gastric mucin (PGM), in a concentration range up to 5 wt%. Complementary data were obtained from rheology measurements. The combination
Shells of the common intertidal gastropod Littorina littorea both of recent and mid-Holocene origin were analysed along their growth spirals for seasonally induced variations in stable oxygen and carbon isotope compositions. The subfossil specimens are from the Stone Age kitchen midden in Ertebolle, northern Denmark, dated between 5970 +/- 95 and 5070 +/- 90 BP The recent specimens were collected
Today, sheet-metal-forming simulation is a powerful technique for predicting the formability of automotive parts. Compared with traditional methods such as the use of try-out tools, sheet-metal-forming simulation enables a significant increase in the number of tool designs that can be tested before hard tools are manufactured. Another advantage of sheet-metal-forming simulation is the possibility
This paper presents a new fast approach to improving stability in polynomial equation solving. Gröbner basis techniques for equation solving have been applied successfully to several geometric computer vision problems. However, in many cases these methods are plagued by numerical problems. An interesting approach to stabilising the computations is to study basis selection for the quotient space C[
Absorption microspectrophotometry has been shown to be of considerable help to probe crystalline proteins containing chromophores, metal centres, or coloured substrates/co-factors. Absorption spectra contribute to the proper interpretation of crystallographic structures, especially when transient intermediate states are studied. Here it is shown that fluorescence microspectrophotometry might also
