Airway epithelium, formed by epithelial cells lining human airways, is a critical barrier against inhaled allergens, viruses, and pollutants. Beyond being a physical barrier, it functions as a first-line defense by secreting alarmins, inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines, thereby activating other immune cells. In respiratory diseases like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Airway epithelium, formed by epithelial cells lining human airways, is a critical barrier against inhaled allergens, viruses, and pollutants. Beyond being a physical barrier, it functions as a first-line defense by secreting alarmins, inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines, thereby activating other immune cells. In respiratory diseases like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),

Heart failure is a common condition with a high burden of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite modern advancements in diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic strategies, challenges remain in providing optimal treatment for the individual patient. Heart-failure phenotyping requires imaging modalities for assessment of structures and function. This thesis is based on four studies which apply nove

Introduction: Economic and socioeconomic factors are key influences on a wide range of integration outcomes, including educational performance, the immigrant-native wage gap, susceptibility to sepsis, and the risk of developing drug use disorders. Understanding the interplay of these factors is important for developing policies that enhance immigrants’ integration.Aim: The thesis consists of four

Background: Young adults experience stressors in their transition to adulthood and are at increased risk of mental ill-health. This risk is compounded by young adults’ low levels of mental health literacy and limited competencies in implementing strategies promoting mental health and well-being in their daily lives. Previous research suggests that digital mental health apps may be particularly eff

Background: Previous studies indicate comparably greater improvement in glycaemic control from Paleolithic diet, possibly due to an accompanying greater reduction in body weight, which, in turn, could be due to an accompanying greater reduction in leptin.Aims: To assess in type 2 diabetes the effect of Paleolithic diet on glycaemic control when body weight is kept stable and diets matched for macr

This paper contributes to the empirical question of the labour organization and gender division of labour in a semi-landless rural group during the second half of the nineteenth century, a period charac-terized by developing agrarian capitalism. Thereby, we also add to the broader question of the role of gender division of labour in economic transformation. Through a triangulation of sources – cro

Purpose: Flaps are used for repair of defects after tumor excision and often need stretching and rotating to cover the defects. Manipulation of flaps may affect blood perfusion, which is crucial for healing. The aim was to examine the impact on perfusion by stretching and rotating forehead skin flaps. Methods: Blood perfusion was monitored using laser speckle contrast imaging in 19 flaps, raised a

PURPOSE: Despite rising global demand, geriatrics is often overlooked by young physicians due to its perceived complexity and limited career development. Launched by the European Geriatric Medicine Society, the Early Career Geriatricians Initiative (ECGI) aims to counter this perception with its rich educational, research, and leadership opportunities.METHODS: This article provides a narrative ove

The cerebellum is a large brain structure. Most of the mass and volume of the cerebellum is made up by the cerebellar cortex. The outer layer of the cerebellar cortex is divided functionally into long, thin strips called microzones. We argue that the cerebellar microzone computation is the aggregate of simple unit computations and a passive effect of anatomy, unaided and unlearned, which we recrea

Exekutiv funktion är en sammansättning av flera förmågor som är avgörande för ungas möjlighet att hantera krav i skolan och samhället. Studier tyder på att det finns ett samband mellan exekutiv funktion och psykisk ohälsa, däribland ångest, depression och icke-suicidalt självskadebeteende. Tidigare forskning har främst studerat exekutiv funktion utifrån psykologiska test samt undersökt ungdomar meExecutive function refers to a set of skills important for adolescents’ ability to handle school and societal demands. Research has shown associations between executive function and mental health problems, including anxiety, depression and non-suicidal self-injury. However, prior studies have mainly investigated executive function through psychological testing and focused on individuals with concu

Alzheimer’s disease, the most common form of dementia, is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) pathology. The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is one of the earliest sites of NFT pathology, crucial for memory functioning, and is made up of cytoarchitectonic and functionally different subregions. These subregions are

This manuscript reports the results of an international consensus on technologies of hyperthermic intraperitoneal perioperative chemotherapy (HIPEC) performed with the following goals: To provide recommendations for the technological parameters to perform HIPEC. To identify the role of heat and its application forms in treating peritoneal metastases. To provide recommendations regarding the correc

The pathophysiological mechanisms driving disease progression of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and corresponding biomarkers are not fully understood. Here we leveraged aptamer-based proteomics (>4,000 proteins) to identify dysregulated communities of co-expressed cerebrospinal fluid proteins in 116 adults carrying autosomal dominant FTLD mutations (C9orf72, GRN and MAPT) compared with 3

Bakgrund: Vattenfödsel erbjuds idag vid flera förlossningskliniker i Sverige till kvinnor med låg risk för förlossningskomplikationer. Trots dess växande popularitet finns fortsatt variation i tillgång, attityder och klinisk handläggning. Tidigare studier visar att barnmorskor ofta är positiva till vattenfödsel, men upplever begränsningar kopplade till riktlinjer, tekniska resurser och interprofes

Bakgrund: Trots att många kvinnor önskar föda med så få medicinska ingrepp som möjligt har användningen av interventioner vid förlossning ökat. Kvinnor idag efterfrågar även fler vårdformer än den normativa sjukhusförlossningen. Syfte: Syftet med denna kvantitativa tvärsnittsstudie var att undersöka och jämföra barnmorskors attityder till och uppfattningar om interventioner och olika vårdformer vi

With the brief of creating a solution for off-grid environments powered by solar cells, and the countless of solvable tasks existing in certain off-grid places I opted to looking at the highly populated areas of off-grid living and how the most basic needs are being met there. The meaning of off-grid is that a living space, house, or village, is self-sufficient. The living space isn’t connected to