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Boreal trees rely on their ectomycorrhizal fungal symbionts to acquire growth-limiting nutrients, such as nitrogen (N), which mainly occurs as proteins complexed in soil organic matter (SOM). The mechanisms for liberating this N are unclear as ectomycorrhizal fungi have lost many genes encoding lignocellulose-degrading enzymes present in their saprotrophic ancestors. We hypothesized that hydroxyl
The combination of density functional theory (DFT) with a multiconfigurational wave function is an efficient way to include dynamical correlation in calculations with multiconfiguration self-consistent field wave functions. These methods can potentially be employed to elucidate reaction mechanisms in bio-inorganic chemistry, where many other methods become either too computationally expensive or t
Populations adapting independently to the same environment provide important insights into the repeatability of evolution at different levels of biological organization. In the 20th century, common wall lizards (Podarcis muralis) from southern and western Europe were introduced to England, north of their native range. Nonnative populations of both lineages have adapted to the shorter season and lo
Mechanical forces exists in many cellular processes, including cell proliferation, migration, rearrangement and differentiation. The transformation of cancer cells from normal cells, cancer metastasis and cell rearrangement during morphogenesis all involve changes in cellular mechanical forces. Although there are some studies about normal cell and cancer cell force measurements, a direct compariso
Renegotiations: Body, Line, Ethics departs from questions concerning authorship and agency for actors in institutionalised settings and moves towards a discussion on ethics, responsibility and possibilities in the body – text relationship. The question of how bodies can be renegotiated in and by the theatrical line is central to the work. Against a backdrop of previous and other stage productions
Does it matter which electoral districts Members of Parliament (MPs) represent when participating in parliamentary debates? We suggest that the party leadership, in particular in governing parties, will try to keep MPs off the floor if they come from regions with economic problems, because such MPs are more likely to deviate from the party line. This should be especially likely when MPs are direct
The charge and proton dynamics in hydrogen-bonded networks are investigated using ammonia as a model system. The fragmentation dynamics of medium-sized clusters (1-2 nm) upon single photon multi-ionization is studied, by analyzing the momenta of small ionic fragments. The observed fragmentation pattern of the doubly- and triply-charged clusters reveals a spatial anisotropy of emission between frag
C-type lectin domain family 3 member A (CLEC3A) is a poorly characterized protein belonging to the superfamily of C-type lectins. Its closest homologue tetranectin binds to the kringle 4 domain of plasminogen and enhances its association with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) thereby enhancing plasmin production, but whether CLEC3A contributes to plasminogen activation is unknown. Here, we recomb
Over the last decade, sustainability science has been at the leading edge ofwidespread efforts from the social and natural sciences to produce use-inspired research.Yet, how knowledge generated by sustainability science and allied fields will contribute totransitions toward sustainability remains a critical theoretical and empirical question forbasic and applied research. This article explores the
Background: Difficulty in following and understanding conversation in different daily life situations is a common complaint among persons with hearing loss. To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no published validated Norwegian questionnaire available that allows for a self-assessment of unaided communication ability in a population with hearing loss. Purpose: The aims of the present st
Host cell surface carbohydrate receptors of bacterial adhesins are attractive targets in anti-adhesion therapy. The affinity of carbohydrate ligands with adhesins is usually found in the low μm range, which poses a problem for the design of effective inhibitors useful in therapy. In an attempt to increase the inhibitory power of carbohydrate ligands, we have combined the approach of chemical modif
Metastasis is the leading cause of death in patients with advanced melanoma, yet the somatic alterations that aid tumour cell dissemination and colonisation are poorly understood. Here, we deploy comparative genomics to identify and validate clinically relevant drivers of melanoma metastasis. To do this, we identified a set of 976 genes whose expression level was associated with a poor outcome in
Den yttersta barriären mellan luften och blodomloppet i våra lungor består av en lipid-protein film. Denna lipid-protein blandning kallas för lungsurfaktant. Filmen bestående av lungsurfaktant stabiliserar alveolerna i våra lungor och gör att vi kan andas utan motstånd. Brist av lungsurfaktant kan orsaka svåra sjukdomar, till exempel hos förtidigt födda barn som ännu inte hunnit bilda tillräckligtThis thesis explores lipid self-assembly and aims to give a broad picture of self-assembly structures in simple and complex lipid-protein systems. The systems studied are lung surfactant, stratum corneum and simple model membranes. The lung surfactant mixture lines the alveolus in our lungs and stabilises the air- tissue interface. The lung surfactant lipid phase behaviour was here investigated wi
Background Breathlessness is associated with major adverse health outcomes and is twice as common in women as men in the general population. We evaluated whether this is related to their lower absolute lung volumes. Methods Cross-sectional analysis of the population-based Swedish CardioPulmonarybioImage Study (SCAPIS) Pilot, including static spirometry and diffusing capacity (n = 1,013; 49% women)
The evolution towards centralized radio access network (C-RAN) for 5G is driven by the need for improved network performance and reduced total-cost-of-ownership (TCO). In CRAN, physically separated remote radio units (RRUs) and baseband units (BBUs) are connected via fronthaul (FH) links, which are capacity constrained. When base-station antennas are upgraded to support massive MIMO techniques, an
Heme oxygenase is an enzyme that degrades heme, thereby recycling iron in most organisms, including humans. Pervious density functional theory (DFT) calculations have suggested that iron(III) hydroxyheme, an intermediate generated in the first step of heme degradation by heme oxygenase, is converted to iron(III) superoxo oxophlorin in the presence of dioxygen. In this article, we have studied the
In the context of a species sampling problem, we discuss a nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator for the underlying probability mass function. The estimator is known in the computer science literature as the high profile estimator. We prove strong consistency and derive the rates of convergence, for an extended model version of the estimator. We also study a sieved estimator for which similar
Dynamic Charging, meaning supplying electric energy to electric vehicles while moving and also referred to as Electric Road Systems (ERS), can be implemented in a number of different ways. In Sweden, no less than four different technologies are being developed and/or demonstrated. This is, in an international comparison, unique. This paper represents an effort to describe these different technolog
