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The traditional opinion that increased intraocular pressure is the cause of glaucoma is controversial, probably mainly because of the fact that firm evidence for the value of pressure reduction is largely lacking. The present article reviews results from short term studies of visual fields before and after pressure reduction. It also reviews published and unpublished preliminary results from studi
Two groups of normal subjects were submitted to repeated automated static threshold perimetry. Perimetric results were strongly affected by the level of experience in some subjects; in the majority, however, the effect of experience was small. Initial field tests often showed high numbers of depressed points. Sensitivity increased with perimetric training, particularly between the first sessions.
Sixty-three normal subjects and 94 abnormal patients, most of whom had glaucoma, were tested in the central visual field using a threshold-related, eccentricity-compensated, spatially adaptive suprathreshold screening program and a full-threshold program on the Humphrey field analyzer. The initial stimulus locations on the screening test were identical to those of the threshold test; additional sc
Two patients (one with glaucoma with field loss, one with ocular hypertension) with previously known optic disc haemorrhage were followed with frequent disc photography, computerized perimetry and tonometry for a period of one year. Nine haemorrhages were seen in three of the four eyes studied. Three bleedings showed sudden enlargements, interpreted as re-bleedings, during the absorption phase. Ha
With laser iridotomy it may often be difficult to achieve total penetration of the iris, particularly in very light or very dark irides. It may be impossible to determine with the slit-lamp whether a small laser iridotomy is functionally penetrating. We describe a straightforward method to test iridotomies for aqueous flow patency. Transcorneally introduced fluorescein is used to delineate any aqu
During the last few years computerised perimetry has become a clinical reality. This new technique eliminates the operator's error, ensures reproducibility of test procedures and parameters and makes visual field testing of large numbers of patients possible. Great differences exist between computerised perimeters. Differences in hardware for example, the way in which stimuli or field charts are p
Seventy-seven eyes with primary open angle glaucoma and exfoliation glaucoma were subjected to laser trabeculoplasty and followed in a prospective way. The full 360 degrees circumference was treated, but the patients were randomized in two groups: In group 1 the full treatment was given in one session, and in group 2 it was divided into two sessions one month apart. During the follow-up time of 3
2500-3000 eyes with ocular hypertension, with or without established glaucoma in the fellow eye, were followed with automatic perimetry for several years. Forty-five eyes showed a documented change from repeated normal fields to reproducible glaucomatous visual field loss. The location of the defective points in the first pathological field of each eye was registered. The resulting frequency distr
Patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma and others suspected of having glaucoma were subjected to continuous contrast threshold measurement by automatic and manual perimetric techniques. The results show that an increase of contrast threshold over time is a frequent finding in glaucoma patients and that this increment can be large, especially at points close to existing field defects. it is repr
Computerized visual field testing with the Competer automatic perimeter including automatic profile perimetry revealed early glaucomatous field loss in 9 of 10 eyes with photographically demonstrable retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) defects after optic disc haemorrhages despite the fact than conventional routine perimetry had failed to do so. In 7 of these cases the Competer central pattern test w
The ability to detect glaucomatous field defects of three automatic computerized perimeters (COMPETER, OCTOPUS, and PERIMETRON) was compared in a clinical study of 74 patients. This study included patients with glaucoma, those with suspected glaucoma in whom the visual fields were completely normal, and normal subjects. The reference fields were obtained by careful static and kinetic manual perime
The new profile testing mode of the COMPETER automatic perimeter was clinically tested and compared with careful manual profile perimetry on the Tübinger perimeter. Each of 110 patients with glaucomatous field defects, patients with suspected glaucoma, and normal subjects had one meridian tested. All of the 55 patients who showed an abnormal result on the manual profile also had abnormal findings
Visual field testing which the Computer fully automatic computerized perimeter (Heijl & Krakau 1975) employing a supra-liminal screening test procedure was used in a material of 1013 eyes with ocular hypertension in which earlier routine perimetry (kinetic and static) on the Goldmann perimeter had yielded a normal result. The automatic screening was repeated if positive, and manual control per
The ability of fully automatic computerized perimetry to detect early glaucomatous field damage was compared with that of careful static and kinetic manual perimetry in a clinical study on 104 patients, 51 of whom had early glaucomatous field defects, 20 of whom were glaucoma suspects with no field defects, and 33 of whom were normal. The automatic perimeter used was the COMPETER automatic perimet
The problem of future contingents is one of the most ancient and debated puzzles in Western philosophy, and Supervaluationism is, today, one of the most prominent solutions to the problem. Recently, John MacFarlane has carried a well-known criticism to Supervaluationism (and all other standard approaches to future contingents) and put forward a new solution of the problem of future contingents, wh
The risks and insecurities highlighted in contemporary societies have given rise to a diversity of forms of policing; intelligence based policing, and networked based collaboration projects. This study focuses on the collaboration project Turnstone, which was partly funded by the EU. The project was a joint collaboration among border organizations in Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, and Sweden
