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Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules present antigenic peptides to CD8+ T cells, providing the basis for immune recognition of pathogen-infected cells. Peptides generated mainly by proteasomes in the cytosol are transported into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum by transporters associated with antigen processing (TAP). The maturation of MHC class I molecules is controlled

Hematopoiesis is a lifelong, dynamic process, originating from a low number of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) residing in the adult bone marrow with the ability to self-renew and generate all blood lineages throughout life. Recent findings have demonstrated that the Homeobox (Hox) transcription factors are important regulators of both normal and malignant hematopoiesis, controlling proliferation,

The ribonucleoprotein enzyme telomerase synthesizes telomeric DNA by copying an internal RNA template sequence. The telomerase activities of the yeasts Saccharomyces castellii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae-with regular and irregular telomeric sequences, respectively-have now been identified and characterized. The S. cerevisiae activity required the telomerase RNA gene TLC1 but not the EST1 gene, bo

We study a numerical method of calculating the near field of ensembles of arbitrary spheres by extending Mie theory. A recursive method based on the orders of scattering is presented. This method represents a concise way to calculate the near field of aggregates of any number of arbitrary spheres. Numerical examples are given to show its validity. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America.

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine and a potent stimulator of bone resorption and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. The aim of this study was to investigate if a functional JL-6 promoter polymorphism (-174) was related to bone mass and fractures in a cohort consisting of 964 postmenopausal Caucasian women aged 75 years. Bone mineral de

The distribution of necks in slender structures obtained using high rate deformation often differs from the distribution obtained under quasistatic conditions. Initial thickness imperfections are often used to initiate necking at certain locations along a specimen surface. At sufficiently large deformation rates, necks may develop at sites that correlate weakly or not at all with the sites of the

Abstract in Danish Formål: Formålet er at beskrive tuberkulosens (tbc.) epidemiologi i Danmark de sidste 25 år, specielt udviklingen i den danske befolkning. Metode: Et registerstudie af anmeldte tilfælde af tbc. i Danmark 1972-1996: Fra 1970-1989 i DIKE's register, fra 1990-1996 i EPI-registeret, epidemiologisk afd., Statens Serum Institut. Resultater: tbc.-incidensen faldt jævnt fra 1972 indtiThe present study is based on notified cases of tuberculosis (TB) in the National tbc. register 1972-1996. A decline in Tb incidence was seen from 1972 and until the mid-1980's. Subsequently the trend has reversed due to an increasing number of TB cases in foreigners. In 1996, 60% of all cases of TB in Denmark were found in foreigners reflecting the rising number of refugees and their families arr

Abstract not available.

The globalization of the world economy has forced many enterprises to merge and/or to acquire enterprises worldwide. in the next phase of this development, rationalization calls for specialization of functions such as product development and production in one or a few sites, if not being outsourced to external suppliers. These new divisions of the “virtual” enterprise have to collaborate within in

Issues with software product quality are commonly reported when organisations engage in outsourcing relationships. To address this issue, value-based software engineering literature emphasises the need for all success-critical stakeholder groups to work towards a mutually agreed goal. Aim: This paper presents a case study that aims to compare and contrast the priority two groups place on software

Popular Abstract in Swedish Större delen av den kunskap vi har om Universum får vi genom att undersöka det ljus som olika kosmiska objekt sänder ut. Det synliga ljuset från en stjärna består av kontinuerlig strålning (Planckstrålning) vars färg ger ett mått på temperaturen av stjärnans yta på samma sätt som färgen hos upphettade metallföremål. Vid en närmare undersökning av stjärnans spektrum kan The new generation of high resolution astronomical instruments such as the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) or the Very Large Telescope (VLT) has renewed the demand for accurate atomic parameters like wavelengths, oscillator strengths and line profiles accompanied by reliable uncertainty estimates. Fourier transform spectroscopy has proven to be a powerful tool when measuring these parameters. In this

Abstract This report discusses ways in which new technology could be harnessed to create an intelligent Virtual Personal Assistant (VPA) with a focus on user-based information. It will look at examples of intelligent programs with natural language processing that are currently available, with different categories of support, and examine the potential usefulness of one specific piece of software as

In this paper we consider fundamental limitations for DOA estimation with arbitrary lossless antennas or antenna arrays inserted inside a sphere. Spherical vector modes and their associated equivalent circuits and Q factor approximations are employed as a general framework for the analysis. The classical broadband matching theory by Fano is extended to a general multiport S-parameter model of the