This paper presents an efficient numerical method to design PI controllers. The design is based on optimization of the load disturbance rejection, with constraints on the sensitivity and weighting of the set point response. Thus, the formulation of the design problem captures many aspects of industrial control problems. It leads to a nonconvex optimization problem. Efficient ways to solve the prob

Modes of propagation of electromagnetic pulses in open circular waveguides are investigated systematically. Core and cladding both consist of simple (linear, homogeneous, isotropic), dispersive materials modeled by temporal convolution with physically sound susceptibility kernels. Under these circumstances, pulses cannot propagate along the guide unless the sum of the (first) initial derivatives of

The determination of lead in permanent teeth is a useful measure of past exposure in early childhood since these teeth are mineralized in early childhood. Particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis has been shown to be a method with good applicability for the contamination-free analysis of elements heavier than calcium in dental hard tissues. The method is rapid and nondestructive. The purpos

To combat interference between users in a DS/CDMA system, several multiuser detection schemes have been proposed. This paper presents a prestudy for a custom DSP implementation of a multi-user detector scheme based on non-decision directed interference cancellation. Two architectural implementation methods for asynchronous detection are suggested and mutually compared. Each of the architectures is

The Internet domains are tied together by service level agreements which are based on various QoS parameters such as delay, jitter, packet-loss rate, throughput and availability. To offer tighter and more comprehensive service level agreements, accurate modeling of IP traffic and its queuing behavior over the entire network domain is necessary. We present a novel analytical model of a single route

A few years ago, the legality of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) was a topic much discussed in the international legal literature. This article approaches the problem from a new angle. Rather than investigating the relevant issue of legal substance – whether or not OEF was ever consistent with international law – the article focuses attention on the general scholarly performance in dealing with t

Volvo Cars' economic exposure to exchange rates and other macroeconomic variables is estimated using quarterly cash flows as the firm's target variable. We discuss first several issues relating to management's view of the macroeconomic environment, as well as the firm's objective and structure. These issues must be addressed before multiple regression analysis can be implemented with the purpose o

Several proposals have been made during the last ten years on size-independent resonators by using metamaterials for phase compensation. In this paper, we present an estimate of the quality factor of a simple parallel-plate resonator, based on realistic assumptions such as linear, passive, causal, time-translational invariant metamaterials, and lossy walls. It is found that the quality factor of t

To manage risks in Western society is increasingly seen as a process of including the public in different deliberative and/or participatory projects. This is sometimes done via civil society organisations (CSOs) that also have a second role as gatekeepers, managing or constraining flows of knowledge and information. This paper aims to analyse the dual role of CSOs in the management of chemical ris