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This chapter presents a brief review of studies on swirling and non-swirling impinging jets. Also, a numerical investigation of heat transfer from impinging swirling jets is described. Various turbulence models are used. Comparison with experimental data is provided. Generally, the V2f model was found to perform better than other models, but for small nozzle-to-plate distances, it was hard to main
In neuroscience a number of new techniques have been developed by means of which it has become possible to study the activity of the living human brain. By means of these techniques we are beginning to understand the neurophysiology behind environmental attitudes and preferences. In addition to an introduction to cognitive neuroscience, this invited symposium contains a number of presentations, wh
High-level modeling languages are receiving increased industrial and academic interest within several domains, such as chemical engineering, thermo-fluid systems and automotive systems. One such modeling language is Modelica. Modelica is an open language, specifically targeted at multi-domain modeling and model re-use. Key features of Modelica include object oriented modeling, declarative equation
During the second half of the 19th century, both China and Argentina experienced accelerated economic, political, and social changes. To become a 'modern' nation was an integral part of both countries' efforts to deal with these transformations. Education played a key role in this nation-building process: it was expected to shape the national citizen and, thereby, the nation. However, with regard
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Full-cycle simulations of a spark ignition engine running on a primary reference fuel have been performed using a two-zone model. A detailed kinetic mechanism is taken into account in each of the zones, while the propagating flame front is calculated from a Wiebe function. The initial conditions for the unburned gas zone were calculated as a mixture of fresh gas and rest gas. The composition of th
Forerunners (precursors) in linear, temporally dispersive, bi-gyrotropic materials are investigated using time-domain techniques. Bi-gyrotropic materials are characterized by twelve constitutive parameters (integral kernels). Specifically, the four susceptibility dyadics are all gyrotropic with a common gyrotropic axis. Pulse propagation along this axis is analyzed using dispersive (noncoupling) w
