Background: Preoperative risk assessment has become part of daily clinical practice, but preoperative alcohol abuse has not received much attention. Methods: A Medline search was carried out to identify original papers published from 1967 to 1998. Relevant articles on postoperative morbidity in alcohol abusers were used to evaluate the evidence. Results: Prospective and retrospective studies demon

Background: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is often accompanied by tachycardia, which may lead to myocardial ischaemia. The pathogenesis for tachycardia is unknown, but the classic endocrine stress response may be of importance. Methods: Seventeen patients (median age, 60 years) undergoing diagnostic gastroscopy without sedation or supplemental oxygen therapy were monitored by means of electroca

Objective. To evaluate the influence of preoperative abstinence on postoperative outcome in alcohol misusers with no symptoms who were drinking the equivalent of at least 60 g ethanol/day. Design. Randomised controlled trial. Setting. Copenhagen, Denmark. Subjects. 42 alcoholic patients without liver disease admitted for elective colorectal surgery. Interventions. Withdrawal from alcohol consumpti

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is an asymptomatic colonizer of the nasopharynx in most individuals but can progress to a pulmonary and systemic pathogen upon influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Advanced age enhances host susceptibility to secondary pneumococcal pneumonia and is associated with worsened disease outcomes. The host factors driving those processes are not well defined, in part

Objective: To examine the relation between different types of alcoholic drinks and upper digestive tract cancers (oropharyngeal and oesophageal). Design: Population based study with baseline assessment of intake of beer, wine, and spirits, smoking habits, educational level, and 2-19 years' follow up on risk of upper digestive tract cancer. Setting: Denmark. Subjects: 15,117 men and 13,063 women ag

The present population based cohort study investigates the association between alcohol intake and cancer of the upper digestive tract. The design was prospective with baseline assessment of intake of beer, wine and spirits, smoking habits, educational level and 2-19 years' follow up on risk of upper digestive tract cancer (oropharyngeal and oesophageal). During a mean follow up of 13.5 years, 156

The case of 43 year old man who had numerous contacts with the health care system is reported. Since 1984 he had been treated 95 times for testicular problems at 45 different hospitals including 36 operations for torsion. Computer record systems had only once stopped the patient from going through another unnecessary operation. An alarm in the computer record system with reference to a contact pla

This chapter reviews the data on occurrence of cancers that are potentially caused by alcohol drinking (cancers of the upper gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, and liver cancer) in relation to social class. In order to assess the role of alcohol drinking in the observed social class gradients of these cancers, we have particularly looked for consistency in the gradients of different alcohol-

Background: The frequency of intestinal obstruction varies in the literature (0.2-10.7%) and requires evaluation in a proper design. Methods: From 1978 to 1985, 1951 patients underwent appendectomy; 58 patients were excluded because of appendectomy per occasionem, 156 because of previous laparotomy, and 190 because of simultaneous major surgery. Three foreigners were lost to follow-up. The cohort

Thromboembolism is a serious complication of surgery and prophylaxis is therefore recommended. This study examines a new aspect of the problem, the incidence of thromboembolism after day-case surgery. From 1982 to 1992, 2281 patients underwent day-case repair for inguinal hernia management. Hospital admission for thromboembolism within the first 30 days after surgery was identified by computer lin

Thromboembolism is a serious complication of surgery and prophylaxis is therefore recommended. This study examines a new aspect of the problem, the incidence of thromboembolism after day-case surgery. From 1982 to 1992, 2281 patients underwent day-case repair for inguinal hernia management. Hospital admission for thromboembolism within the first 30 days after surgery was identified by computer lin

Data on the association between alcohol abuse and cancer morbidity are scarce in large cohorts of non-hospitalized alcoholic men an women. Of 18,368 alcohol abusers who entered an out-patient clinic in Copenhagen between 1954-1987, 18,307 were followed. Their cancer incidence was compared to that of the total Danish population. The overall morbidity of cancer was significantly increased among alco

The present National Innovation Policy (henceforth called PNI) was instituted in Brazil by Decree No. 10.537, of October 28, 2020, within the federal public administration. The policy's objective is to guide, coordinate and articulate strategies, programs, and actions across several public entities to foster innovation in the productive sector. Thus, it aims to increase the productivity and compet

This study reports an impact evaluation carried out for a large-scale research infrastructure, the Brazilian Sirius Synchrotron Light Source, one of two fourth-generation synchrotron light sources in the world. We focus on the economic impacts and spillovers resulting from highly qualified procurements presented to different types of suppliers who participated in the design and construction proces

An increasing number of catalysis experiments are conducted at higher pressures to bridge the pressure gap. This means that we need to measure not only the sample surface but also the gas phase around the sample with spatial resolution. This thesis treats the development and applications of two optical techniques that can be used to image the surface of a model catalyst together with the surroundi

While Western imperialism played a crucial role in the creation of modern international law, it is ever more important to analyze the engagements of non-Western imperialist powers with the field so as to comprehend the changing global patterns of legalized violence and expansionism. In this Essay, we analyze Russia's international legal arguments in support of its use of force against Ukraine thro

This forum article is about the EU’s sanctions levelled at Russian state media, and the steps the Kremlin took to ensure its war propaganda continued to reach Europe. The article examines Kremlin efforts to coordinate cross-platform influence operations on Telegram, as well as the role of digital diplomacy accounts in partially replacing state media reach. This leads to a discussion on the role of

Public diplomacy (PD) scholars tend to consider two main principals: the country or agent that conducts PD (Actor A), and target groups in the host country in which PD is conducted (Actor B). The field currently lacks theories of how communications between Actors A and B can be disrupted by a third party, such as a group of motivated trolls, an organised advocacy group, or a hostile country and it