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While circular economy (CE) discourse emphasises technology-driven solutions and formal systems, cities in the Global South rely on grassroots waste workers (WWs) in the informal sector, who perform essential circular functions through waste collection, sorting, and recycling. In Delhi, informal WWs contribute substantially to material recovery and fill gaps left by formal solid waste management (
Background: Swedish nationwide family and cancer data offer the largest global resource for study of familial cancer. We focus here on familial risks in prostate cancer (PC) with questions on risk in individuals from families of multiple affected members and association of familial risk with metastatic disease and survival. Methods: Familial relative risk of PC was estimated using standardized inc
Synthesizing representative weather data sets that reflect both typical and extreme conditions is essential for reliable hygrothermal simulations, especially when considering future climates, which involve significant uncertainties. In this study, multiple representative weather data sets are generated using various methods, broadly categorized based on picking the representative months using vari
Managing energy in urban areas is complex due to the diversity of energy users, dynamic environmental conditions, and the increased instability caused by extreme weather events. This work explains the impacts of a new technology based on implanting adaptive reinforcement learning (ARL) into energy management (EM), which is called ARLEM. The technology uses an online, value-based, model-free ARL en
Most clinical laboratories measure total magnesium (tMg) which includes both the ionized (iMg) and bound forms. Only the ionized component is biologically active, and it may be influenced by acid-base status, plasma protein concentrations and electrolyte disturbances, potentially altering how well tMg reflects iMg. This multicenter observational study evaluated the relationship between tMg and iMg
Objectives: Panax ginseng (P. ginseng, C.A. Meyer) is suggested to improve blood glucose regulation, but evidence remains inconsistent. We examined whether consuming P. ginseng as a preload before a carbohydrate-rich meal modulates postprandial glucose and insulin responses. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial, 22 healthy middle-aged adults consumed P. ginseng tablets containin
Cardiac arrest causes an abrupt cessation of circulation, which rapidly leads to global ischaemia and hypoxia. Immediate and competent care is vital, and even when the circulation has been restored, there is a profound risk of patients never regaining consciousness due to hypoxic–ischaemic brain injury, or death due recurrent cardiac arrest or multiorgan failure. The complex pattern of symptoms se
Bacteriophages exert strong selective pressure on bacterial populations and play a central role in shaping microbial evolution. In response to phage predation, bacteria have evolved diverse antiphage defence mechanisms that interfere with viral replication through a wide range of molecular strategies. Recent genomic studies have revealed a rapidly expanding repertoire of candidate defence systems,
Lignins are aromatic polymers found in fibrous plants, and a major side-product of paper pulping. They are under exploited due to a combination of economic and technical challenges. Valorisation efforts aim to resolve this, but these rely on informative and reliable analytical feedback. The diverse and complex structures of compounds found in lignins makes analysis difficult. This thesis outlines
Det här är en resultatrapport från den enkätundersökning som gick ut till samtliga Sveriges kommuner under hösten 2020. Rapporten behandlar underhållet av kommunala gator och cykelvägar, och enkäten genomfördes av två doktorander inom ramen för forskningsprogrammet Mistra InfraMaint. Enkäten besvarades av 147 av 290 kommuner, vilket ger en svarsfrekvens på 51 procent. Resultaten visar bland annat
The CRISPR/Cas9 system has emerged as a transformative tool in genome editing, playing a pivotal role in enabling precise genetic engineering. Achieving high on-target efficiency while minimizing off-target activity is critical for translating CRISPR/Cas9 into reliable experimental and therapeutic applications. Conventional off-target detection methods are labor-intensive and cost-prohibitive, lim
Stadsmiljöavtal är ett sätt för staten att påverka kommuner och regioner att göra mer för att öka andelen hållbara transporter. Stadsmiljöavtalet introducerades 2015 som ett styrmedel för det ändamålet och Trafikverket fick i början av 2015 ett regeringsuppdrag att ta fram ett förslag på ett ramverk för stadsmiljöavtal. Syftet med denna rapport är att beskriva de faktiska effekterna av åtgärder oc
Plant membrane steroid binding proteins (MSBPs) belong to the membrane-associated progesterone receptors (MAPRs), which is present in all eukaryotic kingdoms. Plant MSBPs have been shown to regulate the function of cytochrome P450 enzymes, bind different steroidal compounds and confer salt tolerance. However, the exact molecular function of plant MSBPs remains elusive. Here, we perform a phylogene
Hemoglobin (Hb) can produce reactive oxygen species, including superoxide anions, which are intrinsically toxic. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is present in red blood cells (RBCs) and provides important protection against such oxidative stress. Upon hemolysis, Hb becomes released from the RBCs and the normal protection systems involving SOD and catalase become very inefficient. In these instance
Medical waste management has been receiving increasing attention in recent years. The National Health Service (NHS) of the United Kingdom has started planning its waste strategy to comply with its Net Zero Goals. Waste management does not only involve waste disposal; the process includes segregation, collection, storage, and the transportation of waste from one point to another. Unusual characteri
The glymphatic system facilitates cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-interstitial fluid exchange and plays a key role in solute clearance and neurophysiological homeostasis. While dysfunction of this system has been shown in traumatic brain injury, stroke, meningitis, idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and neurodegenerative diseases, direct measurement of glymphatic transport in humans remains elusiv
