Virtuella karaktärer, det vill säga mer eller mindre människoliknande och interaktiva datorgenererade figurer, har sedan länge förekommit i datorspel. På senare år har de även blivit allt vanligare i digitala lärmiljöer. De uppträder där i form av virtuella instruktörer, coacher, rollspelskaraktärer, lärkompanjoner och avatarer (alter egos) i pedagogiskt material från förskola till högskola likväl

Popular Abstract in Swedish Microarray-tekniken som har utvecklats under cirka ett decennium, har gett oss nya möjligheter att studera aktiviteten av tusentals gener samtidigt. Det är aktiviteten hos generna, eller uttrycket av generna, som karakteriserar en cell. Celler som tillhör olika organ, eller som befinner sig i olika omgivningar har karakteristiska genuttrycksmönster. Det som gör microarrThe technology of cDNA microarrays has given us the possibility to monitor the state of cells by measuring the activity of thousands of genes simultaneously. This high-throughput techniqe has in cancer research allowed exploratory studies of molecular mechanisms behind for example metastasis and response to therapy. This increased knowledge can hopefully result in new therapies and improved progno

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This thesis explores the scope and limits of Article 4(h) of the AU Act in order to generate new thinking on, and contribute a fresh legal approach to, the implementation of the AU’s right to intervene under Article 4(h). While Article 4(h) intervention can be construed as enforcement by consent, it is not clear whether the UN Charter provides for enforcement action by consent to be outside the pu

Socialtjänstens arbete med arbetslivsinriktad rehabilitering är omfattande och har på senare år kommit att få en växande betydelse genom att allt fler långtidssjuka står utan både arbete och socialförsäkringsskydd. Det finns emellertid mycket lite översiktlig kunskap om hur denna verksamhet fungerar i de svenska kommunerna. I denna rapport undersöks hur socialtjänsten arbetar med långtidssjuka per

Reasoning with limited computational resources (such as time or memory) is an important problem, in particular in knowledge-intensive embedded systems. Classical logic is usually considered inapropriate for this purpose as no guarantees regarding deadlines can be made. One of the more interesting approaches to address this problem is built around the concept of active logics. Although a step in th

Popular Abstract in Swedish Blodomloppet innesluts av kroppens kärlsystem och ombesörjer tillförsel av näringsämnen och syre till kroppens organ och vävnader. Det svarar också för borttransport av slaggprodukter och syretömda röda blodkroppar tillbaka till lungorna för ”omladdning”. Inget organ fungerar bättre än vad som dess blodförsörjning tillåter. Våra organ och vävnader säkrar därför sin egenAngiotensin II (Ang II) is a potent vasoconstrictor that is implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension, heart failure and atherosclerosis. In this thesis, the efficacy and safety of Ang II receptor blockers (ARB) were evaluated. The vasomotor effects of Ang II in endothelium-denuded human coronary arteries were characterized by in vitro pharmacology and the Ang II receptor mRNA levels were qua

Electron scattering mechanisms in low-dimensional semiconductor systems have been investigated at low temperatures. The influence of scatterers on magnetotransport in a high-mobility, GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) system was studied. A certain number of scattering centres are introduced into the 2DEGs by proton irradiation and can be removed by annealing. The transport propertie

Popular Abstract in Swedish De flesta komponenter som används i vårt samhälle har genomgått en bearbetningsprocess i något skede i sin tillverkningscykel. På grund av detta spelar de ekonomiska aspekterna av bearbetningsprocessen en viktig roll i tillverkningskostnaden. Det finns flera skäl till att utveckla ett rationellt förhållningssätt till skärande bearbetning, såsom att förbättra skärteknik,Most components in use in our society have undergone a machining process at some stage within its manufacturing cycle. As a result, the economics of the machining process plays an important role in the manufacturing costs. There are several reasons for developing a rational approach to material removal, such as improving cutting techniques, producing products with enhanced precision, and increasin

The small heat shock proteins (sHsps) are a widespread class of molecular chaperones existing in all organisms. During heat stress the sHsps protect other proteins from unfolding and aggregation. In plants the sHsps play an especially prominent part of the stress response. In this thesis chemical crosslinking and mass spectrometric mapping of crosslinked peptides has been used to investigate the

BACKGROUND: The present study investigates spatial properties of atrial fibrillation (AF) by analyzing vectorcardiogram loops synthesized from 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs). METHODS: After atrial signal extraction, spatial properties are characterized through analysis of successive, fixed-length signal segments and expressed in loop orientation, that is, azimuth and elevation, as well as in lo

A comparison of the Latin and Middle English versions of Alfonso of Jaen's Epistola solitarii.