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RATIONALE: Information is missing on the tissue cell expression patterns of interleukin 33 (IL-33) and splice variants of the IL-33 receptor ST2 in normal and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) lungs.OBJECTIVES: To characterize the expression patterns of IL-33, the soluble ST2 (sST2) and membrane-bound ST2 (ST2L) splice variants in the poorly studied small airway and distal lung compartm
We describe a case of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to Abilar (Repolar Pharmaceuticals Oy, Espoo, Finland), a wound ointment containing Picea abies (Norway spruce) resin with evidence suggesting primary sensitization.
The aim of this paper is to discuss the ethical and legal justification of the broadly accepted ethical principle that researchers may not include adults without decision-making capacity to consent to participating in research studies if there are potential research participants with capacity who could be included instead. From the perspective of disability rights, the paper argues that this ethic
To efficiently implement plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for staging and prognosis of Alzheimer disease (AD), we must understand their dynamics across disease progression. We analyzed participants from the Swedish BioFINDER-2 study with mass spectrometry measurements of plasma and CSF tau species, including eMTBR-tau243/MTBR-tau243 and phosphorylation occupancies (%p-tau). Disease
Pain avoidant behavior is a predictive factor for reduced function in children with persistent pain. A model to explain this is the Fear-Avoidance Model of Pain (FAM). In FAM pain-related fear plays an important role in the development and maintenance of avoidant behavior. The Fear of Pain Questionnaire-Child Report Short Form (FOPQC-SF) was developed to assess pain-related fear in children 8 to 1
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the progression of radiographic damage in hands and feet of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis monitored prospectively for 15 years, and to search for predictors.METHODS: This study comprises 990 patients from the BARFOT cohort, included 1992-2006. Radiographs of the hands and feet were performed over time and evaluated by the Sharp van der Heijde scoring (SHS) met
BACKGROUND: Turning performance is an important and challenging motor activity, with potential relevance in several brain diseases. This study aimed to determine how Alzheimer's and vascular pathologies are associated with turning (360° while standing and 180° while walking), both as a single task and during dual-tasking in cognitively healthy older people.METHODS: Cognitively healthy older people
BACKGROUND: Obesity assessed at a single time point in adulthood has shown no consistent association with prostate cancer (PCa) incidence but has been positively associated with PCa death. We investigated the association of total and age-specific adult weight trajectories with PCa aggressiveness and death.METHODS: We analyzed data from 258,494 men in Sweden with at least 3 weight observations betw
BACKGROUND: Almost a decade ago, about half of biomedical PhD programs across Europe specifically stated that systematic reviews could not be accepted as part of a doctoral thesis, illustrating limited merit value at that time. The aim of this study was to explore current Swedish university policies on this research design.METHODS: Policy documents for PhD theses and applications to associate prof
Poikilosis is a recently introduced unifying theory in biology. It is based on the pervasive heterogeneity of all biological molecules, complexes, systems, networks, cells, organisms, and others. In a relaxed situation, such entities, called levels, are in an energetically favorable state called lagom. These states are maintained actively and passively by TARAR (tolerance, avoidance, repair, atten
INTRODUCTION: Knowledge about the quantity, delivery and setting of rehabilitation after stroke in clinical practice is sparse. We investigated the utilisation of rehabilitation services in a regional cohort up to 2 years after stroke.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data on people living in ordinary housing in southern Sweden with a first-ever stroke during 2016-2017 were collected from the Swedish Stroke R
BACKGROUND: Key tasks in the development of guideline recommendations include determining the magnitude of desirable and undesirable health effects, the overall net effect and assessing the certainty of evidence. Developing and using decision thresholds can support these tasks and increase transparency, however evidence of the procedural steps is limited. We describe a systematic, step-by-step app
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Health guidelines play a central role in informing clinical practice, public health measures and health policy. But their trustworthiness may be undermined by factors such as insufficient methodological rigor, lack of transparency, conflicts of interest, and inconsistent application of established standards. Existing appraisal tools address selected aspects of guideline
Syftet med följande undersökning är att visa på mönster i svenska högstadieelevers användning av satsradningar, ofullständiga meningar, meningsfragment och bisatser på både grupp- och individnivå. Syftet är även att jämföra resultaten av analyserna med Philippe Collbergs (2020) undersökning av satsradningar i texter skrivna av gymnasieelever. För att uppnå dessa syften används en kombination av kvThe aim of the following study is to illustrate the patterns of Swedish lower secondary students’ use of comma splices/run-on sentences, incomplete sentences, sentence fragments and subordinate clauses (satsradningar, ofullständiga meningar, meningsfragment and bisatser in Swedish) at both group and individual levels. In addition, the aim is also to compare the results of the analyses with Philipp
År 1993 antogs rådets direktiv 93/13/EEG av den 5 april 1993 om oskäliga villkor i konsumentavtal i syfte att stärka konsumentskyddet och öka harmoniseringen mellan medlemsstaternas avtalsregleringar. Enligt artikel 3.1 i direktivet ska ett avtalsvillkor anses oskäligt om det i strid med kravet på god sed medför en betydande obalans i parternas rättigheter och skyldigheter till nackdel för konsumeIn 1993, Council Directive 93/13/EEC of 5 April 1993 on unfair terms in consumer contracts, was adopted with the aim of strengthening consumer protection and enhancing the harmonisation of contract law among Member States. According to Article 3(1) of the Directive, a contractual term shall be regarded as unfair if, contrary to the requirement of good faith, it causes a significant imbalance in th
Denna uppsats undersöker den rättsliga regleringen av fastställande av föräldraskap för samkönade par efter internationella surrogatarrangemang. Bakgrunden utgörs av att svensk rätt saknar specifik lagstiftning på området, vilket medför en rättslig osäkerhet för de inblandade parterna, särskilt för det tilltänkta barnet. Uppsatsens syfte är att analysera huruvida den svenska oreglerade modellen tiThis essay examines the legal regulation regarding the establishment of parenthood for same-sex couples following international surrogacy arrangements. The background is that Swedish law lacks specific legislation in this area, creating legal uncertainty for the parties involved, particularly the intended child. The purpose of the thesis is to analyse whether the unregulated Swedish model satisfie
Principen om negativ rättskraft innebär att gynnande förvaltningsbeslut som huvudregel inte kan ändras till nackdel för den enskilde. Principen kommer till uttryck i förvaltningslagen och utgör en grundläggande del av det svenska förvaltningsrättsliga systemet. Den är dock inte absolut, utan begränsas av ett antal undantag där ändring i vissa fall är tillåten. Negativ rättskraft kan i flera aThe principle of negative legal force entails that a favorable administrative decision may not, as a general rule, be amended to the detriment of the individual. This principle is codified in the Administrative Procedure Act and constitutes a fundamental component of the Swedish administrative law system. It is not, however, absolute, as it is subject to a number of exceptions where amendment may
Våld i nära relationer är ett omfattande samhällsproblem som ofta kännetecknas av upprepat våld, kontroll och psykisk nedbrytning över lång tid. Den som utsätts för sådant våld lever många gånger under en ständig hotbild, vilket kan påverka både personens handlingsutrymme och dennes uppfattning av fara. Samtidigt bygger den svenska nödvärnsrätten i stor utsträckning på föreställningen om ett avgräDomestic violence is a widespread social problem often characterized by repeated abuse, control, and psychological degradation over an extended period of time. Individuals subjected to such violence frequently live under a constant threat, which may affect both their ability to act and their perception of danger. At the same time, Swedish self-defense is largely based on the notion of a distinct a
Denna uppsats undersöker tillämpningen av artikel 4 i DSM-direktivet på AI-träning, som ett undantag från den upphovsrättsliga ensamrätten till materialet som träningen kräver. Då upphovsrätten i allmänhet växte fram innan AI:s stora genombrott kan man diskutera hur regler och undantag ska tillämpas på fenomenet. Utgångspunkten är att den upphovsrättsliga skyddsnivån i EU är hög, med vidsträckt tiThis thesis examines the possibility of administering DSM Directive (Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market) Article 4 to the training of generative AI. As copyright in general evolved before the major breakt-hrough of AI, the application of law is increasingly contested in the context. The level of protection in established EU-law is high, particulary regarding works created with hu
