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Mature aggrecan is generally C-terminally truncated at several sites in the CS (chondroitin sulfate) region. Aggrecanases and MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases) have been suggested to be responsible for this digestion. To identify whether calpain, a common intracellular protease, has a specific role in the proteolysis of aggrecan we developed neoepitope antibodies (anti-PGVA, anti-GDLS and anti-EDLS
The lectin, phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), from red kidney beans has been shown as an inducer of growth and precocious gastrointestinal (Cl) maturation in suckling animals, thus better preparing piglets for the weaning procedure. PHA exposure results in the release of gut peptide hormones and/or activation of the Cl immune system. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms of PHA provocatio
Popular Abstract in Swedish Skador i knäleden är vanligt förekommande och främre korsbandsskada drabbar i Sverige årligen mer än 8 per 10 000 personer i åldern 10-64 år. Följderna av skadan kan bli bestående funktionsnedsättning med bl.a. instabilitet, plötsliga och smärtsamma knäledsvikningar och ökad risk för nya skador. Cirka hälften av patienterna utvecklar ledsvikt (artros) 10-15 år efter denThe purpose of this thesis was to increase the understanding of altered movement patterns in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in order to improve ACL rehabilitation, and to develop an observational instrument termed Test for Substitution Patterns (TSP) for standardized, quantifiable scoring of altered movement patterns in legs and trunk. In all, 142 participants, 93 with A
A search for long-lived particles is performed using a data sample of 4.7 fb(-1) from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy. root s = 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. No excess is observed above the estimated background and lower limits, at 95% confidence level, are set on the mass of the long-lived particles in different scenarios, based on their possible interactio
This paper argues that expected utility theory for actions in chancy environments should be formulated in terms of centered chances. The subjective expected utility of an option A may be seen as a weighted sum of the utilities of A in different possible worlds, with weights being the credences that the agent assigns to these worlds. The utility of A in a given world is then definable as a weighted
Changes in agricultural management have been identified as the most probable cause for the decline of Skylark (Alauda arvensis) populations in Europe. However, parasitic infections have not been considered as a possible factor influencing this process. Four hundred and thirty-four Skylarks from the Southern Italy and the Netherlands were screened for haemosporidian parasites (Haemosporida) using t
The larva of codling moth Cydia pomonella (Tortricidae, Lepidoptera) is known as the worm in the apple, mining the fruit for food. We here show that codling moth larvae are closely associated with yeasts of the genus Metschnikowia. Yeast is an essential part of the larval diet and further promotes larval survival by reducing the incidence of fungal infestations in the apple. Larval feeding, on the
In this work the inhomogeneous (zero-phonon line) and homogeneous linewidths and the permanent electric dipole moment change (averaged value of all dipole orientations) for the Ce 4f-5d transition in Y2SiO5 were measured in order to investigate the possibility for using Ce as a sensor to detect the hyperfine state of a spatially close-lying Pr or Eu ion. The experiments were carried out on Ce dope
The fabrication and application of an intracellular K+-selective microelectrode is demonstrated. ZnO nanowires with a diameter of 100-180 nm and a length of approximately 1.5. m are grown on a borosilicate glass microcapillary. The ZnO nanowires were coated by a K+-ionophore-containing membrane. The K+-selective microelectrode exhibited a K+-dependent potentiometric response versus an Ag/AgCl refe
This manuscript proposes a novel viewpoint on computing systems' modelling. The classical approach is to consider fully functional systems and model them, aiming at closing some external loops to optimise their behaviour. On the contrary, we only model strictly physical phenomena, and realise the rest of the system as a set of controllers. Such an approach permits rigorous assessment of the obtain
BACKGROUND: Arsenic (As) causes oxidative stress through generation of reactive oxygen species. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), a sensitive marker of oxidative DNA damage, has been associated with As exposure in some studies, but not in others, possibly due to population-specific genetic factors. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association between As and 8-oxodG in urine in a population
Objective: To determine whether breast feeding or the use of oral contraceptives (OCs) affects the future risk of rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) in a community-based prospective cohort. Methods: A community-based health survey (18 326 women) was linked to regional and national registers, and incident cases of RA were identified. All women with a diagnosis of RA after inclusion in the health survey (n
Background: Little is known of vitamin D concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its relation with CSF acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, a marker of cholinergic function. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 52 consecutive patients under primary evaluation of cognitive impairment and 17 healthy controls. The patients had AD dementia or mild cognitive impairmen
Background. CRIM1 is a plasma membrane bound protein containing six cysteine-rich repeats (CRR). Through these, CRIM1 has been shown to interact with a subgroup of the TGF-β superfamily, the bone morphogenic proteins (BMP) isoforms 2, 4 and 7. The probable action is to modulate the signalling properties of these factors. CRIM1 has also been shown to regulate the release of VEGFA by podocytes durin
The production of space contains an antagonism between a use-value relation and an exchange-value relation. In this paper these categories are used to analyse two empirical cases from Bergen, Norway. The first case concerns a public debate in 2005, about whether Clear Channel should be allowed to install advertising boards in the city. The second case concerns a debate in 2007, about whether Berge
