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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by aberrant deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) constituents, including glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), that may play a role in remodelling processes by influencing critical mediators such as growth factors. We hypothesize that GAGs may be altered in IPF and that this contribute to create a pro-fibrotic environment. The aim of this study was the

Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is currently the only approved vaccine against tuberculosis (TB). BCG mimics M. tuberculosis (Mtb) in its persistence in the body and is used as a benchmark to compare new vaccine candidates. BCG was originally designed for mucosal vaccination, but comprehensive knowledge about its interaction with epithelium is currently lacking. We used primary a

This chapter will begin with a brief discussion of early modernity and the rise of the welfare state, before going on to explore how law and legal regulation change as we enter “late modernity”. The notion of “late modernity” – not to be confused with postmodernity – captures how industrially advanced societies evolve, when globalisation, aided by information technology, accelerates rapidly at theThis chapter will begin with a brief discussion of early modernity and the rise of the welfare state, before going on to explore how law and legal regulation change as we enter “late modernity”. The notion of “late modernity” – not to be confused with postmodernity – captures how industrially advanced societies evolve, when globalisation, aided by information technology, accelerates rapidly at the

The treatment of choice of vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) involves endovascular procedures that can be difficult to perform in high-flow fistulas. We describe the use of rapid ventricular pacing (RVP), a well-known cardiologic technique, to safely treat a high-flow fistula in an infant with VGAM.

A long-term follow-up study was made of 23 patients with an average age of 47 years (range 38-68 years) who had adolescent Blount's disease. Four patients had bilateral disease (27 affected knees). Nine knees had no treatment during childhood, 11 were treated by physiodesis, and seven were treated by osteotomy of the proximal tibia. At follow-up, most of the patients had no pain or mild pain from

A long-term follow-up of 49 patients with an average age of 38 years (range: 25-67 years) who had experienced infantile Blount's disease was done. Thirty-seven patients had bilateral disease, giving a total of 86 affected knees. Thirty-eight knees had conservative or no treatment during childhood; 13 were treated by epiphysiodesis, and 35 by osteotomy. At follow-up, 11 knees showed arthrosis, and

AbstractAsthma is a chronic disease that affects approximately 300 million people worldwide, and the prevalence is increasing. It has become clear that asthma is a highly heterogeneous disease, with overlapping symptoms but with diverse immunopathology and clinical phenotypes. Also, a significant proportion of asthma patients have remaining symptoms despite treatment. In addition to different phen

Ensuring highly motivated employees is crucial for organizations to stay competitive. In Self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 2000; Gagné & Deci, 2005) employee motivation plays a crucial role for this, as employees usually perform well and experience well-being when they feel autonomously motivated, while they function less optimally when they feel controlled. Autonomous motivatio

The article is a result of field studies on the transformations of multicultural heritage in the east-central European cities of Cracow, Wrocław, Lviv and Chernivtsi. In all these cities, a majority of the pre-war populations (and in Wrocław, practically all pre-war residents) disappeared as a result of WWII. After decades of silence imposed by the ruling communist elites, collective memories of t

This study examines intellectual arguments present in the public debate on the difficult history of the Polish-Ukrainian borderlands. It focuses primarily on discourses put forth by the Ukrainian (first and foremost, West Ukrainian) party of the dispute. As subordinated to the nation-centric historical accounts, but an increasingly important theme opened for multiple uses, the historical diversity

Revised recommendations for the names and symbols of the transfermium elements(atomic numbers 101-109) are presented along with the reasons for proposing them. The recommendations (ref. 1) of the Commission on Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry (CNIC) on the nomenclature of the transfermium elements (101-109, inclusive) were considered by the IUPAC Bureau at Guildford (UK) in September 1995. As a result of the various criticisms of the recommendations and theway that they had been processed, the Bureau decided to adopt the recommendations as provisional

Complexes trans-[PtRCl(SR‘2)2], where R = Ph, mesityl, and p-anisyl and R‘ = Me or Et, have been synthesized and their crystal and molecular structures determined. Crystals of trans-[PtPhCl(SEt2)2] (2) are triclinic (P1̄) with a = 10.112(6) Å, b = 13.158(2) Å, c = 14.714(5) Å, α = 102.48(2)°, β = 94.394(4)°, γ = 90.22(3)°, and Z = 4. Crystals of trans-[Pt(mesityl)Cl(SMe2)2] (4) are monoclinic (P21Complexes trans-[PtRCl(SR‘2)2], where R = Ph, mesityl, and p-anisyl and R‘ = Me or Et, have been synthesized and their crystal and molecular structures determined. Crystals of trans-[PtPhCl(SEt2)2] (2) are triclinic (P1̄) with a = 10.112(6) Å, b = 13.158(2) Å, c = 14.714(5) Å, α = 102.48(2)°, β = 94.394(4)°, γ = 90.22(3)°, and Z = 4. Crystals of trans-[Pt(mesityl)Cl(SMe2)2] (4) are monoclinic (P21