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No Coincident Nitrate Enhancement Events in Polar Ice Cores Following the Largest Known Solar Storms

Knowledge on the occurrence rate of extreme solar storms is strongly limited by the relatively recent advent of satellite monitoring of the Sun. To extend our perspective of solar storms prior to the satellite era and because atmospheric ionization induced by solar energetic particles (SEPs) can lead to the production of odd nitrogen, nitrate spikes in ice cores have been tentatively used to docum

Clinical determinants of elevated systolic pulmonary artery pressure measured by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography in early systemic sclerosis

Objective. To explore the prevalence and clinical associations of elevated systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP), measured by Transthoracic Dopplerechocardiography (TTE) in patients with early systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods. A cross-sectional analysis of the prospective EULAR Scleroderma Trial and Research (EUSTAR) database was performed. SSc patients with < 3 years from the first non-Rayna

Violaxanthin de-epoxidase and its closest relative: identification and characterization

Växter behöver ljus för att växa. Ljuset omvandlas till kemisk energi genom fotosyntes i växtens blad. Den kemiska energin kan sedan användas av växten. Ljusabsorptionen i växter har en begränsning. Alltför mycket ljus kommer att orsaka bildning av högenergimolekyler som är skadliga för växterna. Därför måste växter justera mängden ljus som tas upp. Ljuset i miljön förändras ständigt och exponerinLight is essential for plants and algae to process photosynthesis. However, excess of light will cause damage to the organism. A process called non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) is an important way for these organisms to protect themselves from photo oxidative damage. The NPQ process is depend on the xanthophyll cycle in thylakoids, which is controlled by the Violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) and ze

HANDOC - a handy score to determine the need for echocardiography in non-beta-hemolytic streptococcal bacteremia

Background: Non-beta-hemolytic streptococci (NBHS) are a common cause of infective endocarditis (IE). Echocardiography is used to diagnose IE, but it is not known which patients with NBHS bacteremia should undergo echocardiography.Method: Medical records of patients with NBHS bacteremia in southern Sweden from 2012-2014 were studied retrospectively. The patients were divided into two cohorts. In t

Differentiation of Brain Metastases due to Primary Malignancy and Glioblastomas using Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast-Enhanced MR at 3T

Purpose:To find out differences in cerebral blood volume (CBV) maps derived from dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DSCE-MRI) in glioblastomas and cerebral metastases. The main purpose was to compare CBV maps between metastases with different primary malignancies. Furthermore the metastasis group was compared with the glioblastoma group.Method:Conventional imaging