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We propose a novel method for completely characterizing ultrashort pulses at extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) wavelengths by adapting the technique of spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction to this spectral region. Two-electron wave packets are coherently produced by photoionizing atoms with two time-delayed replicas of the XUV pulse. For one of the XUV pulses, photoioniza

Purpose of review This review summarizes recent developments in blood grouping and compatibility testing in transfusion medicine. Recent findings Identification of the molecular characteristics of the major human blood groups has provided an opportunity to develop methods for blood group phenotyping using DNA-based technology. Various studies have demonstrated the feasibility of such an approach a

The flow behavior in rib-roughened ducts is influenced by the inclination of ribs and the effect is investigated in the present study by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The local flow structures between two adjacent ribs were measured. The Reynolds number was fixed at 5800. The flow field description was based on the PIV results in planes both parallel and perpendicular to the ribbed walls at va

Om olika spelfilmer om Titanicförlisningen 1912 med fokus på den tyska versionen 1943.

This dissertation deals with reactive components in electric circuits, both as targets for a theoretical circuit analysis, and as devices implemented in silicon processes like CMOS. The frequency behavior of a general electric network is determined by the reactances (i.e., inductances and capacitances) present in the network, either as intentional parts of the design, or as process and implementa

Popular Abstract in Swedish En simuleringsmodell, FARMFLOW, utvecklades för att beräkna förråd, flöden och balanser av fosfor (P), zink (Zn) och kadmium (Cd) på mjölkgårdar. De simulerade kontinuerliga förändringarna av ämnesförråden gör det möjligt att utvärdera de långsiktiga effekterna av olika skötselstrategier. Fältdata från en svensk försöksgård, Öjebyn, användes för att parameterisera FARMFA simulation model, FARMFLOW, was developed for the calculation of phosphorus (P), zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) stocks, flows and balances in different parts of a dairy farming system. The simulated continuous change in element stocks within the farming system enables evaluation of the long-term effects of management practices. The FARMFLOW model reproduces feedback mechanisms of the internal cyclin

Maternal counting of fetal movements is increasingly used as a clinical method for assessment of fetal health. The present study established normal limits for two methods of subjective fetal movement recording. Four hundred-and-seventeen randomly selected women with low-risk pregnancies recorded the time necessary for 10 fetal movements every morning and also the number of fetal movements during 1

Objectives: Infants in neonatal intensive care (NICU infants) are often cared for in a stressful environment that includes potentially painful or stressful interventions. The aim was to investigate whether NICU infants have different pattern of stress and pain responses than healthy newborns when challenged by a non-painful everyday care routine. Methods: NICU infants born at 23-38 weeks gestation

Popular Abstract in Swedish Det så kallade Chilenska ekonomiska undret under 1980- och 1990-talet är resultatet av en omfattande strukturförändring av den Chilenska ekonomin. I denna omvandling har jordbrukets modernisering och kapitalisering spelat en mycket viktig roll.Huvudfåran i den akademiska debatten har hittills huvudsakligen förklarat omvandlingen genom tillämpning av olika policy instrumThe so-called Chilean economic miracle during the 1980s and 1990s connotes not only high-speed economic growth but also a profound structural transformation of the Chilean economy. Most previous research ascribes growth and transformation to the liberalisation of markets and other neo-liberal policy instruments introduced after 1974. Policies, before as well as after 1974, have indeed been importa

Size-resolved cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) spectra measured for various aerosol types at a non-urban site in Germany showed that CCN concentrations are mainly determined by the aerosol number size distribution. Distinct variations of CCN activation with particle chemical composition were observed but played a secondary role. When the temporal variation of chemical effects on CCN activation is n

K-best Schnorr-Euchner (KSE) decoding algorithm is proposed in this paper to approach near-maximum-likelihood (ML) performance for multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) detection. As a low complexity MIMO decoding algorithm, the KSE is shown to be suitable for very large scale integration (VLSI) implementations and be capable or supporting soft outputs. Modified KSE (MKSE) decoding algorithm is fu

Åtta av de föredrag som hölls vid det tvärvetenskapliga symposiet vid ärkestiftet Lunds 900-årsjubileum utges här. De behandlar frågor som Varför just Lund? Lund och den katolska expansionen i Östersjöregionen, lundkanikernas levnadsregel, liturgisk poesi och vardagslivet i katedralen. Volymen utgör även årsbok för Stiftshistoriska sällskapet i Lunds stift.

Traditionally used methods for developing a synthetic unit hydrograph (SUH) are well known for their limitations. In last few decades, use of probability distribution functions in developing SUHs has received much attention. In this study, the potentials of a three-parameter beta distribution are explored. Using a analogy between the three-parameter beta-distribution shape and the SUH shape, appro