Rules on standing hold the power to enable, as well as to foreclose, intervention in regulatory processes. As such, they determine who may challenge regulatory power, and according to which criteria. This makes standing rules pivotal to any legal system. In the EU context, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has been much criticised over the years for its narrow interpretation of dir

Background: Sexual conflict over mating rates may favour the origin and maintenance of phenotypes with contrasting reproductive strategies. The damselfly Ischnura elegans is characterised by a female colour polymorphism that consists of one androchrome and two gynochrome female morphs. Previous studies have shown that the polymorphism is genetic and to a high extent maintained by negative frequenc

Integrated Processors (IP) are meant to supply algorithm-specific cores to a micro-electronic system. They are usually developed separately, and upon success turned into a part, that either by programming or by configuration can be re-used within many systems. This paper looks at architectures for Cellular Neural Networks (CNN) to become realized as IP. First current digital implementations are re

Work in rodents has demonstrated that progenitor transplantation can achieve limited photoreceptor replacement in the mammalian retina; however, replication of these findings on a clinically relevant scale requires a large animal model. To evaluate the ability of porcine retinal progenitor cells to survival as allografts and integrate into the host retinal architecture, we isolated donor cells fro

Popular Abstract in Swedish Osteoporos, eller benskörhet, är en sjukdom som orsakas av störning i skelettets ämnesomsättning. Denna rubbning ger upphov till förändringar i benets uppbyggnad men minskar även mängden benmassa. Osteoporos ger i sig själv inte upphov till besvär men medför en ökad risk för att drabbas av benbrott (frakturer). Dessa frakturer kan vid uttalad benskörhet uppkomma redan vThe number of vertebral fractures has increased during the last few decades.The increase could at least partly be explained by the increasing proportion of elderly in society since these fractures are more commonly found in elderly than in young individuals. Low bone mass and osteoporosis which are also partly related to aging are risk factors for fracture but both age and low bone mass are indepe

The healthcare sector is one of the fastest growing economic sectors of today. The medical device domain is one part of that sector. An increasing part of functionality in medical devices and systems is implemented in software and many features should not be possible to implement without software. The use of medical software is an inherent risk to the patient and the outcome of a failure can vary

Popular Abstract in Swedish Diabetes, i alla dess olika former, är en allvarlig sjukdom. Typ 1 diabetes är av autoimmun härkomst, då kroppen eget immunförsvaret attackerar och förstör β-cellerna i bukspottkörteln. Dessa celler producerar insulin som hjälper kolhydraterna i maten vi äter att komma kroppens celler till godo. Sverige har världens näst högsta antal nya insjuknanden, bara Finland har fThe role of miRNAs in pancreatic islets and β-cell function and in the development of diabetes in human and rodents have been investigated in this thesis. Dicer1 was specifically deleted in vivo in pancreatic β-cells under the RIP-promoter in mice. The results show that disruption of miRNAprocessing in mouse pancreatic β-cells, while compatible with β-cell development, leads to defective insulin-s

The Arctic cryosphere is a critically important component of the earth system, affecting the earth's energy balance, sea level, greenhouse gases and atmospheric circulation, transport of heat through ocean circulation, ecology and human resource use and well-being. The Arctic cryosphere is, however, changing rapidly with multiple important consequences that will potentially affect the earth system

OBJECTIVE: An experienced sonographer can by listening to the Doppler audio signals perceive various timbres that distinguish different types of umbilical artery flow despite an unchanged pulsatility index (PI). Our aim was to develop an objective measure of the Doppler audio signals recorded from fetoplacental circulation in a sheep model.METHODS: Various degrees of pathological flow velocity wav

In this paper, we study the problems of estimating relative pose between two cameras in the presence of radial distortion. Specifically, we consider minimal problems where one of the cameras has no or known radial distortion. There are three useful cases for this setup with a single unknown distortion: (i) fundamental matrix estimation where the two cameras are uncalibrated, (ii) essential matrix

We present an analysis and demonstration of few-cycle ultrashort laser pulse characterization using second-harmonic dispersion scans and numerical phase retrieval algorithms. The sensitivity and robustness of this technique with respect to noise, measurement bandwidth and complexity of the measured pulses is discussed through numerical examples and experimental results. Using this technique, we su

Background: In this study we investigated (a) to what extent physicians have experience with performing a range of end-of-life decisions (ELDs), (b) if they have no experience with performing an ELD, would they be willing to do so under certain conditions and (c) which background characteristics are associated with having experience with/or being willing to make such ELDs. Methods: An anonymous qu

Nuclear motion in the N1s(-1)4a(1)(1) core-excited state of ammonia is investigated by studying the angular anisotropy of fragments produced in the decay of the highly excited molecule and compared with predictions from ab initio calculations. Two different fragmentation channels (H+/NH2+ and H+/NH+/H) reveal complex nuclear dynamics as the excitation photon energy is tuned through the 4a(1) reson