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Background: There have been reports both supporting and refuting an inverse relationship between hip fracture and hip osteoarthritis (OA). We explore this relationship using a case-control study design. Methods: Exclusion criteria were previous hip fracture (same side or contralateral side), age younger than 60 years, foreign nationality, pathological fracture, rheumatoid arthritis and cases were
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate how well grocery stores' motives to implement private labels (create margins and customer perceived brand value, compete with market leading brands, develop store image, enhance store loyalty) are realized, through exploring consumers' attitudes, preferences and behaviour. Design/methodology/approach - The paper is based on the case of Sweden a
A shear-enhanced, cross-flow ultrafiltration module was used to separate cells and proteins from the fermentation broth. Three (fermented) media were studied: rich medium, rich medium with hydrolytic enzymes added after fermentation, and wheat flour hydrolysate. To find a membrane with as high a flux as possible, but still capable of separating cells and proteins from the lactic acid containing br
Leaching of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from the forest floor and transport in soil solution into the mineral soil are important for carbon cycling in boreal forest ecosystems. We examined DOC concentrations in bulk deposition, throughfall and in soil solutions collected under the O and B horizons in three Norway spruce stands along a climatic gradient in Sweden. Mean annual temperature for the
The loop region of chymotrypsin inhibitor 2 from barley has been employed as a scaffold for testing the intrinsic propensity of a peptide fragment to form a secondary structure. The helix formation of the nine amino acid residue segment Lys-Gln- Ala-Val- Asp- Asn- Ala-Tyr-Ala of helix E from subtilisin Carlsberg has been studied by the construction of a hybrid consisting of chymotrypsin inhibitor
Impaired function in transplanted islets may be ascribed in part to disturbed reinnervation. The objectives of this study were to determine whether islet transplantation to the pancreas in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF) would restore islet innervation and endocrine and exocrine pancreatic function. Streptozotocin-diabetic Lewis rats received 800 syngeneic islets beneath the pancreatic c
A new sensing technology platform integrating magnetic permeability detection and a two-site heterogeneous immunoassay in a one-step analysis is described. As a platform model, measurements of C-reactive protein (CRP), a cardiac and inflammation marker, were performed in a rapid (11.5 min) high-sensitivity (hs) procedure with a low detection limit (0.2 mg/L) and accuracy (CV = 11%). The two-site h
Screening serum levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is now a major strategy for early detection of prostate cancer (PC). Quantification of the lead time thus obtained is important both for understanding the development of PC and for evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of widespread screening. In our study, 1,233 randomly selected men living in Stockholm in 1988 were invited to partic
After identifying an association between maternal Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the authors analyzed a nested case-control study within Finnish and Icelandic maternity cohorts with 7 million years of follow-up to confirm EBV's role in ALL. Offspring of 550,000 mothers were followed up to age 15 years during 1975-1997 by national cancer registries to
BACKGROUND: Activated mast cells can produce and release a number of inflammatory mediators involved in the pathophysiology of acute conditions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of activated tissue mast cells in the pathogenesis of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome following acute pancreatitis (AP). METHODS: AP was induced by the intraductal infusion of 5 per cent sodium tau
A recently developed ultrasound phase-locked echo-tracking system makes it possible to measure non-invasive pulsatile vessel diameter changes, and, in combination with blood-pressure measurement, to calculate pressure strain elastic modulus (Ep) and stiffness (beta). The reproducibility in measurements of pulsatile diameter changes with this system was evaluated. Also the precision of indirect blo
Objective: To assess the cross-sectional association between meniscal status and joint effusion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in knees without radiographic osteoarthritis (OA). Design: Knees without OA (Kellgren/Lawrence grade 0) from the Framingham and MOST studies were examined by MRI. Meniscal status was assessed with a score of 0-4 in the anterior horn/body/posterior horn of the medial/l
Background: Local pain at the site of intravenous (iv) injection of propofol remains a considerable problem in clinical anaesthesiology, and particularly so in infants. The aim of the present study was to compare the influence of two different emulsions of propofol on local pain following iv administration. Methods: Eighty adult patients (ASA I-II) scheduled for ear-nose-throat or plastic surgery
A structure determination in combination with a kinetic study of the steroid converting isozyme of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase, SS-ADH, is presented. Kinetic parameters for the substrates, 5β-androstane-3β,17β-ol, 5β-androstane-17β-ol-3-one, ethanol, and various secondary alcohols and the corresponding ketones are compared for the SS- and EE-isozymes which differ by nine amino acid substitut
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between respiratory symptoms, lung function and inflammatory markers in 'healthy' smokers. The study population was recruited from an epidemiological study with subjects of the same age, 60 years. Only smokers who considered themselves healthy (n=58) and a random sample of never-smokers (n=34) were investigated. All subjects underwent lung fun
The release gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and ATP from rat beta cells was monitored using an electrophysiological assay based on overexpression GABAA or P2X2 receptor ion channels. Exocytosis of LDCVs, detected by carbon fiber amperometry of serotonin, correlated strongly (similar to 80%) with ATP release. The increase in membrane capacitance per ATP release event was 3.4 fF, close to the expecte
The aim of this study was to determine the threshold of fracture probability at which interventions became cost-effective in women based on data from the UK. We modelled the effects of an intervention costing pound350 per year given for 5 years that decreased the risk of all osteoporotic fractures by 35% followed by a waning of effect (offset time) for a further 5 years. Sensitivity analyses inclu
Inhibition of oxidative metabolism is often found to decrease contractility of systemic vascular smooth muscle, but not to reduce global [Ca(2+)](i). In the present study, we probe the hypothesis that it is associated with an altered pattern of intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations (waves) influencing force development. In the rat tail artery, mitochondrial inhibitors (rotenone, antimycin A, and cyani
OBJECTIVE: Free radicals formed after coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion are assumed to produce myocardial stunning and possibly other forms of reperfusion injury as well. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is an end product in the lipid peroxidation chain reaction and is frequently used as a marker for free oxygen radical production. Increased levels of plasma MDA have been found following successful t
