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The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union has been a legally binding act for ten years. However, ever since entering into the force, it has not been quite clear when the Charter in fact is applicable. During the past years, the EU has been faced by the Rule of law crisis, as called in the academic debate. This thesis aims to clarify when the Charter is applicable and examine whether

Inom större byggnader används ofta installationsschakt, vilket är en brandteknisk avskild vertikal förbindelse mellan våningsplan för kanaler av olika media. Genom att använda ett sådant schakt går det att undvika isolering, brand-/brandgasspjäll och liknande åtgärder när rör- och kanalgenomföringar går igenom brandceller. Ofta är schakten avsedda för flera kanaler, då besparingar i form av isolerWithin larger buildings, shafts for installations are often used as a hub for air ducts and pipes for other medias across different floors of the buildings. The walls of such shafts are currently required, for most cases, to have the same fire protection rating as an ordinary wall. Forshafts which are performed with non-combustible materials, or done with extra fire protection within the shaft, th

“Only in the most technical sense is this a case about who may penetrate whom where. At a practical and symbolical level it is about the status, moral citizenship and sense of self-worth of a significant section of the community.” Justice Albie Sachs, National Coalition for Gay and Lesbian Equality and Another v Minister of Justice and Others 1999 (1) SA 6, para. 107 More than 70 years after th

Cloud based services known as ”Software as a Service” has in the past few years become very popular in the IT industry. Hence it is not surprising that the concept also has reached the security industry and the market for camera surveillance, where the concept ”Video Surveillance as a Service” (VSaaS) has become a buzzword. This is much because of new business opportunities for the vendors and eas

Popular summary Energy generation from renewable sources is one of the main issues to be solved for the 21st century. One of the most advanced technologies currently available is wind energy, which has a large potential onshore and offshore. However, in many cases wind energy is restricted to large wind parks with wind power plants sometimes exceeding heights of 100 m. The construction of large wi

Background and problem: In October 2010 the European Commission issued a Green Paper on Audit Policy in which they set out to draw lessons of the auditors’ role in the recent financial crisis. The European Commission considers the function of the audit to be a key contributor to investor confidence and suggests a number of controversial measures with the aim of ensuring financial stability in the

Abstract: According to Skånemejerier executives, approximately 80% of greenhouse gas emissions occur on the farm. Public concern in greenhouse gas emissions has steadily grown over the past few years prompting inquiries about the amount of greenhouse gases are emitted by Skånemejerier during its course of business. The most common question received relates to the amount of greenhouse gas emitted i

The introduction of new farming technologies, such as high-yielding varieties, has for long been regarded as one of the best strategies to increase agricultural production, and to combat poverty and food-insecurity. Since around 2005, New Rice for Africa (Nerica) is one of the main development strategies for combating such issues in Sierra Leone, and in many other African countries. Africa Rice Ce

The role and activities of the European Court of Justice (EJC) have been discussed for couple of decades now. Without any doubt the role that ECJ fulfils today in the European Community is not what it was in the beginning of its existence and perhaps not even what was strictly prescribed by the EC Treaty. In the present thesis will be firstly examined, how the present role of the ECJ, as a quasi-c

Prisskillnaderna på läkemedel inom EU uppmuntrar till parallellhandel. Eftersom läkemedelsindustrin vill undvika att behöva priskonkurrera med sina egna produkter ligger det i deras intresse att i så stor utsträckning som möjligt hindra sådan handel. Åtgärder som vidtas i enlighet med detta intresse strider i regel mot den gemenskapsrättsliga principen om varors fria rörlighet. Parallellhandel kan

The solidarity clause was drafted a year after the terrorist attack in New York in 2001 and was informally further substantialised after the terrorist attack in Madrid in 2004. It became evident that terrorism is also a real and current threat to the Member States of the EU. The solidarity clause is now a part of the Constitutional Treaty (CT), which at the moment is subject to ratification in the

Swedish students obtaining student financial aid from Centrala Studiestödsnämnden (CSN) face an income ceiling of how much they can earn per half a calendar year before their aid is lowered according to a matrix. The thesis investigates how CSN’s income ceiling impacts students. It is important to examine it as it is a hot topic both in the public debate and among politicians. The analysis of the

T cell-exosomer som biomarkör vid Typ 1-Diabetes Typ 1-diabetes (T1D) är en autoimmun sjukdom, där kroppens T-celler (immunceller) angriper bukspottskörtelns insulinproducerande betaceller. Insulin är ett viktigt hormon, som reglerar blodsockerhalten i kroppen. Destruktion av betacellerna leder till nedsatt insulinproduktion och därmed höga blodsockerhalter, som följaktligen leder till andra kompType 1 diabetes, also known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes, is a growing and serious health problem worldwide with highest incidence in developed countries and among children. It is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease, characterized by destruction of β-cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, resulting in deficient insulin secretion and hyperglycemia. The cause of the dis

Increasing heavy traffic on the roads raises demands on pavements and especially the binder of the pavements. The rutting and other deformations resistances are constantly improved. As a part of the development wax mixes and polymer modified variants are produced. These products are not anymore possible to classify with traditional test methods, requiring new measurement technique and new criteria

Tracing cell lineage has not been considered feasible in humans due to the invasive procedures. However, by analysing somatic mutations acquired during cell division it is possible to compare the relationship between cells within an individual. Knowledge about cell lineage relationships can shed light on the origins of new cells. In order to track cell fate in humans, we are developing a method en

Jakten på vapen som distanserar soldaten från själva slagfältet har pågått ända sedan övergången från krigsföring med knivar till krigsföring med pil och båge. Idag har denna ambition närapå nått fullständighet med det ständigt växande antal obemannade, fjärrstyrda farkoster som snabbt håller på att bli den vanligaste och mest framstående metoden att föra krig. Politiska incitament såsom att kapa The pursuit of weapons which distance the soldier from the actual battlefield has been going on ever since the transition from the waging of war using short blades, to the waging of war using bow and arrow. Today, that ambition has reached an almost completion with the ever-increasing number of unmanned, remote-controlled vehicles that are rapidly becoming the most common and prominent method of w

The construction industry has always been changing and adapting to new innovations, values, requirements, and goals from the outside world. These days are no different. The climate change is still mostly relevant and everything we could do to mitigate this should be applied in the construction sector. It is nowadays a known fact that buildings represent a significant portion of the carbon dioxide

Innovative Assistive Technologies in Dementia Care between Hopes and Disillusion. A Critical Reflection Based on the Tech@home Experience in Sweden Chair: Carlos Chiatti, Sweden Session Type: Symposia Global dementia rates will more than triple by 2050, thus challenging society. Due to ageing in place policies, informal caregiving is increasing as more people with dementia continue living at home

https://www.case.lu.se/en/sites/case.lu.se.en/files/case_at_iagg_er_symposia_2._innovative_assistive_technologies_in_dementia_care_between_hopes_and_disillusion._a_critical_reflection_based_on_the_techhome_experience_in_sweden_._chair_carlos_chiatti.pdf - 2026-06-20

Rättighetslistan FÖR LUNDS UNIVERSITETS STUDENTER 2 Rättighetslistan för Lunds universitets studenter innehåller rättig- heter och skyldigheter som har att göra med behörighet och urval, studiemiljö, kursplaner och schema, prov och examination, examens- arbeten och kursvärdering. Syftet med listan är att underlätta för studenterna att genomföra sina studier, att tillgodose att de ska kunna få ut s

https://www.medarbetarwebben.lu.se/sites/medarbetarwebben.lu.se/files/handbok-rattighetslistan-webb-.pdf - 2026-06-20

JCederkall_ped_contrib LTHs 6:e Pedagogiska Inspirationskonferens, 15 december 2010 Abstract— The result of a focus group study with second year physics students is reported. The aim has been to investigate student perceptions of teaching and learning in project form. Specifically, the question is if project work can combine the learning of skills, in this case knowledge of numerical algorithms an

https://www.lth.se/fileadmin/lth/genombrottet/konferens2010/44_Cederkall.pdf - 2026-06-09