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The railway makes an extensive barrier in the landscape. To lower the impact of this barrier, and to allow people to easily pass it, level crossings are implemented. A level crossing is an intersection in the same plane between railway and road. Here traffic of all sorts meet with railway vehicles, which is why level crossings are one of the most distinct points of conflict in the entire railway s
One of the most pressing present day health concern is the constantly growing increase of diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. In fact the WHO estimates that as much as 300 million individuals could suffer from diabetes by 2025. While genetic factors do contribute to these issues the more common cause is modern day environmental factors like diets rich in fat or highly processed food, low levels o
Varje enskild skall vara berättigad att få tvister om sina materiella rättigheter och skyldigheter prövade i domstol. Mot bakgrund därom kan enbart lagstadgade undantag medge parter att, med bindande verkan, avtala om rättegångshinder. Detta anses ge uttryck för den processuella ogiltighetsprincipen, med innebörden att processuella överenskommelser enbart är giltiga om det finns lagstöd. Att brytaEvery individual shall be entitled the right to have disputes regarding his civil rights and obligations brought before a court. Therefore, a statutory exemption is required for agreements waiving the right of access to a court. The requirement is expressed through the procedural nullity principle, i.e. procedural agreements are only acceptable if there is a statutory exemption thereof. However, a
To better utilize existing wireless systems, they can be combined together to interact and thereby provide better balanced capacity. They can further profit from this by getting their ongoing connection moved from the current system to another. The main issues are to make this move without losing the ongoing connection and to make it seamless, i.e., without the user noticing it. This action of mov
En stor del av världens sjötransporter går mellan Asien och Europa. Idag är den södra rutten genom Suez-kanalen populärast, men efter att isen i Arktis börjat smälta har den norra rutten öppnats upp som en möjlig utmanare till den södra rutten och skeppsägare ställs nu inför ett val. Sjötransport är en riskfylld verksamhet och både den södra och den norra rutten innehåller områden med ökad risk. There are two main shipping routes between Europe and Asia, among those the Southern Route through the Suez Canal is by far the most popular route. Due to a decrease in Arctic sea ice, the Northern Sea Route have opened up and is expected to become a viable alternative and a possible competitor to the Southern Route. The purpose of this essay is to contribute by advising ship-owners on what route
Summary of key messages for policy makers • Systemic approach is critical Climate change and natural resource depletion continues to be driven not least by unsustainable levels and patterns of consumption. There is growing recognition that the shift required to achieve sustainable consumption and production is a momentous paradigm shift in Western culture. Due to the holistic nature of shifting c
The main ambition of companies is to deliver products (or services) to customers successfully in order to remain competitive. This requires an efficient and effective product development process, as well as cost reductions and higher service levels through improved logistics performance in the supply chain. Traditionally, these two areas, i.e. product development and logistics, have been treated s
Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består sammanlagt av tre vetenskapliga artiklar: I. "Estimates in Möbius Invariant Spaces of Analytic Functions." II. "Preduals of Q_p-spaces and Carleson Embeddings of Weighted Dirichlet Spaces." III. "On the Spectrum of the Cesàro Operator on Spaces of Analytic Functions. " De första två arbeten är nära relaterade och de handlar om nya utvecklingar inThis thesis consists of three papers in which different topics in spaces of analytic functions are considered. These papers are: I. "Estimates in Möbius Invariant Spaces of Analytic Functions." II. "Preduals of Q_p-spaces and Carleson Embeddings of Weighted Dirichlet Spaces." III. "On the Spectrum of the Cesàro Operator on Spaces of Analytic Functions." The first two papers are closely related
With the triumph of the codex, medieval literature became more deeply hermeneutic in character. A vast range of texts, in various languages and genres, were not only copied with the commentaries and glosses of ancient tradition, but also underwent continuous reworking and transformation. Indeed, the very act of transcribing texts into a manuscript was often an incentive to rewrite them. This pract
This thesis contributes to the economic literature on prosocial behavior. It includes three papers, all of which relate to the issue of policy-driven spillovers across prosocial alternatives. For example, the common fundraising practice of donation matching could affect contributions through other channels; similarly, recycling policy could affect household efforts on other environmental activitie
BACKGROUND: Paralympic sport provides sporting opportunities for athletes with a disability, with the Paralympic Games as the main event. Participation in sport is, however, associated with a significant risk for sustaining injuries and illnesses. Our knowledge of sports-related injuries and illnesses in Paralympic sport is very limited and there are no large-scale epidemiological cohort studies.
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling analyserar frågor som berör tillfälliga jobb på den svenska arbetsmarknaden under perioden 1990-1999. Ett viktigt bidrag i avhandlingen är att den stora gruppen tillfälliga jobb delas upp i mindre undergrupper för att ta i beaktande den heterogenitet som finns mellan olika former av tillfälliga jobb. En röd tråd som löper genom hela avhandlingen är fokuThis thesis analyses different aspects of temporary jobs in the Swedish labour market during 1991-1999. Throughout the thesis we put special focus on differences between the genders, and differences between native-born and foreign-born workers. In chapter 1, An Introduction to Temporary Jobs in Sweden, we describe the evolution of different types of temporary jobs in Sweden during the 1990s, we re
The principles of mutual trust and mutual recognition are well established features of EU law. On a technical level, it is clear that the principles may require adoption of foreign levels of protection in individual cases as well as in legislation. At a closer look, however, the principles through “the rule of reason” also may imply quite the opposite: the imposing of domestic requirements on fore
The Swedish book business began as a poorly developed market with serious economic, social, and infrastructural issues, but transformed over the course of two centuries into a well-functioning, albeit small, market with strong international ties. The 19th-century book market was hampered by poor infrastructure and underdeveloped publishing and book sales. Technological innovations in printing tech
Background and Policy Context: Previous chapters in this book have explored several product-oriented policies, including mandatory laws and product energy labelling, and discussed the importance of an appropriate policy mix. In this chapter, we examine the effects of demand-side policies, with a focus on green public procurement (GPP). GPP has been defined as ‘a process whereby public authorities
Introduction: Product-oriented environmental law is an expanding, poly-thematic subsection of environmental law. First, an increasing number of policy instruments are being used at the international, European and national levels to regulate products, including mandatory performance standards, consumer subsidies, public procurement practices, product bans, taxes and charges and various kinds of man
Under de senaste åren har det skett en förskjutning i forskningen från att försöka förstå vem som löper risk att bli radikaliserad, till att undersöka vad som gör att vissa individer har större benägenhet att bli radikaliserad. Känslor av exkludering, diskriminering och marginalisering har tidigare kopplats till extremistiska handlingar. Trots det finns det få empiriska studier som utforskar sambaThe present thesis aims to examine the causal role of social exclusion within theradicalization process and further to explore moderating and mediating factors. In recent years there has been a move away from trying to understand who is at risk of becoming an extremist, to exploring what makes someone at risk. Feelings of exclusion, discrimination and marginalization have all been linked to partic
While renewable energy output in the World increases, Russia shows an opposite trend, consisting of a highly engrained fossil fuel-driven economy with very little State priority towards diversifying its energy supply. Accordingly, although wind energy represents only a niche market, it is more economically viable to electrifying Northern peripheral communities than connecting them to the national
This thesis investigates how digitalisation influences the strategy of German hospitals via the provision of a holistic overview of potential digital solutions and how they can be used to enhance the hospitals’ core processes. Scrutinising the current utilisation, barriers to implementation and the effect that software-based systems have on the hospital’s strategy are at the study’s core. Here, a
