Sökresultat

This degree project aimed to produce a standardized food product enriched with 14g polar lipids (PL) and compare its effects on glycemic response and appetite sensations both acutely and following a second meal in healthy individuals. In order to elucidate the viability of enriching a prebaked product with polar lipids researchers spent multiple weeks assessing variations in recipe, cook time, coo

Today cities are the result of centuries of history and human development, accelerated during the past 100 years. Post-industrialization, modernism’s top-down city planning approach, and the prioritisation of motor vehicle design over humans resulted in more people moving to cities, more space needed to allocate new vehicles, expansion over rural areas, and exponential pollution growth. Thus, huma

Background: Severe (PiZZ) and moderate (PiSZ) alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency predispose to lung emphysema, especially in smokers. We hypothesized that multi-slice computed tomography (CT) might be superior to pulmonary function tests (PFT) to detect lung emphysema in AAT-deficient individuals at the age of 32 years. Methods: A subgroup of PiZZ and PiSZ individuals identified during the Swedi

The aims of this work were to evaluate objective and subjective signs of autonomic dysfunction (AD) in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and to evaluate its clinical associations. In study I, 46 pSS patients and 56/80/238 autonomic nervous function test (ANT) controls participated. Objective signs of AD were evaluated using three different cardiovascular ANTs and exocrine function in

PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to extend the previously reported short-term randomized trial of open and endoscopic carpal tunnel release in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) to compare outcomes 5 years after surgery. METHODS: In a single-center randomized controlled trial, 128 patients (25 to 60 years) with clinically diagnosed and electrophysiologically confirmed idiopat

Background: Published associations between dietary carotenoids and vitamin C and bladder cancer risk are inconsistent. Biomarkers may provide more accurate measures of nutrient status. Objective: We investigated the association between plasma carotenoids and vitamin C and risk of urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cance

Background: Cerebral ischemia activates both the innate and the adaptive immune response, the latter being activated within days after the stroke onset and triggered by the recognition of foreign antigens. Methods: In this study we have investigated the phenotype of antigen presenting cells and the levels of associated major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules in the postischemi

Increased incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infections (CDIs) is of major concern. However, by minimizing known risk factors, the incidence can be decreased. The aim of this investigation was to calculate the incidence and assess risk factors for CDI in our population. A 1-year prospective population-based nationwide study in Iceland of CDIs was carried out. For risk factor evaluatio

Background: The kidneys are regarded as one of the main dose-limiting organs in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumours with Lu-177-[DOTA(0), Tyr(3)]-octreotate (Lu-177-octreotate), despite the successful use of kidney uptake blocking agents such as lysine and arginine. To avoid renal toxicity but still give each patient as high amount of Lu-177-octreotate as possible, there is a need for methods/

OBJECTIVE-Recent genome-wide association studies have revealed loci associated with glucose and insulin-related traits. We aimed to characterize 19 such loci using detailed measures of insulin processing, secretion, and sensitivity to help elucidate their role in regulation of glucose control, insulin secretion and/or action. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-We investigated associations of loci identif

Neuroblastomas (NBs) are tumours of the sympathetic nervous system accounting for 8-10% of paediatric cancers. NBs exhibit extensive intertumour genetic heterogeneity, but their extent of intratumour genetic diversity has remained unexplored. We aimed to assess intratumour genetic variation in NBs with a focus on whole chromosome changes and their underlying mechanism. Allelic ratios obtained by S

Objective We tested whether men and women in the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) high normal and normal blood pressure (BP) categories, all included in the the Seventh Joint National Committee (JNC 7) prehypertension group, share similar metabolic characteristics and whether they differ from men and women with optimal BP (<120/80 mmHg). Methods BP (multiple measurements with a standardized

Introduction: In former studies from North America early Do-Not-Resuscitate orders (DNR orders) in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) had negative prognostic impact on mortality. The influence of DNR orders on functional outcome and whether DNR orders are grounded on relevant patient characteristics is unknown. We aimed to determine the frequency and predictive factors of DNR-orders and

Background: Patients living under better socioeconomic circumstances often receive more active treatments after an acute myocardial infarction ( AMI) compared to less affluent patients. However, most previous studies were performed in countries with less comprehensive coverage for medical services. In this Swedish nation- wide longitudinal study we wanted to evaluate long- term survival after AMI

This article deals with application of turbulent jet ignition technique to heavy duty multi-cylinder natural gas engine for mobile application. Pre-chamber spark plugs are identified as a promising means of achieving turbulent jet ignition as they require minimal engine modification with respect to component packaging in cylinder head and the ignition system. Detailed experiments were performed wi

Background The metabolic syndrome (MetS) may contribute to increased cardiovascular risk in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We aimed to examine the association of demographic factors, lupus phenotype and therapy exposure with the presence of MetS. Methods The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Registry for Atherosclerosis inception cohort enrolled recently diagnosed (<15months)

Background-Although the heritability of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (AF/AFl) has been determined, the familial risk in multiplex families is unclear. The main aim of this nationwide study was to determine the familial risk of AF/AFl in multiplex families. Methods and Results-We examined the familial risk of AF/AFl in the entire Swedish population. We linked Multigeneration Register data on